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专家谈“发现122片疑似物”:距离不远了

2014-03-27 07:14:14   中国青年报

“金枪鱼”(BlueFin-21)水下自动航行器

按照厂方数据,Bluefin-21直径53厘米,长4.93米,总重750公斤。与只能拖曳的TPL-25不同,Bluefin-21采用锂电池驱动,可以3节的航速巡航25个小时,最深潜水4500米。

分析黑匣子

两小时语音记录 能否解失联之谜

多位专家针对马航客机失联一事发表意见称,即使寻获黑匣子,恐怕也无法解开这个目前“航空史上最大的谜团”。

墨尔本斯文本大学民用航空系讲师高翼持有美国联邦航空管理局FAA飞行员执照,他对飞机黑匣子能解开MH370失联原因一事持怀疑态度,“黑匣子只能记录最后2个小时的通话内容,MH370在被关闭通信联络系统后还飞了5个多钟头,黑匣子里边记录的仅仅是坠毁之前的语音信息,而飞机操控者的动机很可能已经没有了。”

换句话说,即使找到黑匣子,也无从得知飞机为何在马来西亚与越南航空管制区之间改道,或飞机在印度洋上空发生什么事情。不过,黑匣子内的资料仍可让调查人员知道飞机是否曾因燃油用尽而迫降海上。

利用飞机的残骸 推测出坠毁原因

尽管黑匣子记录的数据是帮助调查人员了解飞机失事原因的最关键要素,但事实上,历史上的很多起空难调查也不是完全依靠黑匣子。如果残骸找到比较全的话,将非常有助于找到真相。因为黑匣子只能提供飞行数据和一些飞行员的感受,但是对于很特定的事情,黑匣子是不能够监控的。

如在调查洛克比空难时,黑匣子所起的作用并不大,当时黑匣子的数据非常有限,后来是通过分析残骸痕迹的方式,得出定时炸弹导致飞机空中解体的结论。

另外,2002年5月25日,台湾中华航空一架波音747在台湾海峡坠毁,当时也是通过残骸拼接,认定是飞机曾经在某次落地时发生了损伤,但没有及时发现,刚好在这一天导致飞机撕裂而空中解体。

什么是黑匣子?

“黑匣子”是飞机专用的电子记录设备之一,包括飞行数据记录仪和机舱话音记录器,可记录25小时的飞行数据以及空难发生前2个小时的语音内容。黑匣子具有极强的抗火、耐压、耐冲击等能力,即便飞机已完全损坏,黑匣子里记录的数据也能完好保存。飞机坠毁后,大多数黑匣子的声波发生器可每秒发送一次频率为37.5KHz的声音脉冲,持续30天。

本版统筹/本报记者 杨凡

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