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专家释疑:海上搜救为何进展缓慢?

2014-03-11 07:12:56   新京报

目前,多国搜救力量正在寻找马航失联客机,但尚未搜到任何与失联客机有关的物品,海上搜救为什么这么难?

飞机失事时,会通过电子应答机向地面发出求救信号或紧急代码,这可以帮助搜救人员了解到飞机失事时的高度、方向和速度,但马航失联客机并没有发出任何求救信号。这为搜救增加了难度。

由于大海非常辽阔,如果遇难地点不够明确的话,搜救起来范围不断扩大,会增大困难。

2009年法航空难,客机6月1日凌晨失踪。几天后,法国军方确认找到失踪客机残骸。将近两年后,法国方面才成功定位客机主体残骸。法航坠机的海面,常年风浪较大,而且水深很深。2009年6月初,法国负责交通事务的国务秘书比瑟罗曾表示,由于搜索面积超过法国国土面积五倍,因此难度很大。

针对此次马航失联客机的情况,《航空知识》杂志副主编王亚男表示,虽然通过海洋巡逻机携带的探测雷达,可以直接扫描海面存在的大片残骸,通过光学显示系统可以搜索残留的大面积油迹,但前提是尽快找到飞机失事的地点。

据《科技日报》报道,中国航天科工集团公司二院25所副所长、雷达专家董胜波表示,军舰上的对海雷达对漂浮在海面的大块飞机残骸有一定的探测能力,但由于受海杂波的限制,对海上飞机残骸探测能力有限。

中科院电子所研究员胡文龙接受媒体采访时表示,通过卫星寻找海面漂浮物,首先要有卫星正好经过这个区域,并拍摄了照片。其次是照片的分辨率要很高,“否则飞机可能只有一个'点'那么大”。

另外,专家表示,如果飞机落水时状态比较完整,则会很快沉到海底,寻找起来难度会更大。

新京报记者储信艳金煜

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