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知名博物馆疏导观众应有招

2017-09-22 07:47:04   央广网

“要想做到有效疏导大流量观众,最重要的就是得合理安排入场观众数量,这就要求事先做好测算工作。”宋向光强调。他认为首先要科学测算观众流量,了解观众流量变化和观众数量高峰出现时段,了解影响观众数量高峰出现的原因,然后采取相应措施。

其次要科学测算展厅观众承载数量。博物馆需要根据展厅面积、展线长度、展品数量、观众构成、观众参观时间、观众参观意愿等因素,测算观众参观时间,估算展厅的观众数量。观众数量控制指标应区分为舒适参观承载量、最大承载量。舒适参观量以观众参观心理为主导,最大承载量以观众安全为主导。

再次要科学预测展览的吸引力。对一些重大题材或博物馆重点推介的展览,博物馆应事前做好观众流量预测。可根据类似主题展览或该展览在其它展出地点的观众流量,预估观众流量。

积极作为,

合理控制时间有信心

2008年博物馆实行免费政策后,给博物馆特别是知名博物馆带来了更多的参观人潮。

“一些博物馆对大流量观众的疏导服务还满足于过去行之有效的管理方法,只要有序排队、不出事故就可以了。”宋向光表示。博物馆观众排长队看似小事,但背后反映出的是博物馆的管理能力和管理水平,也反映出公共文化服务的质量与效果。

在当前博物馆基础设施赶不上公众参观需求的状况下,他建议博物馆要重视公共服务能力的硬件条件和软件条件建设,向公共服务设施适当倾斜,增加投入,购置票务管理、馆区人流监控、入馆安检、公众告示等设施。同时要合理安排博物馆工作人员,加强一线服务人员,做好应对突发事件预案。

“对一些重大展览的宣传推广,博物馆应制定合理的推介方案,在展前、展中和临近结束时的推介重点,以合理引导公众预期,合理安排参观时间。”宋向光说。他还建议博物馆可以通过电子告示板及时向观众通告馆内参观人数情况,说明博物馆安全的重要,取得观众的理解和配合。

国外一些博物馆预约参观多以半小时为一个区间,“我个人体验,进馆前排队20分钟左右应该是极限了,再长就会有疲惫感。”宋向光认为。他建议观众凭预约凭证入馆参观,如错过预约时间或没有预约凭证,博物馆可谢绝进入,但也可根据观众的特殊情况在馆内观众数量适宜的前提下变通处理。

对知名博物馆何时才能不再大排长龙,宋向光认为,只要行动起来,就会有所改变。

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