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海尔推进人单合一管理模式 上百个小微公司年营收过亿

2017-09-20 18:17:07   央广网

财报显示,2017年上半年,海尔营收同比增长59%,净利润达到44.27亿元,同比增长33.54%。伴随人单合一模式的探索,公司近十年利润复合增长率达到30.6%,连续8年蝉联大型家用电器品牌零售量全球第一。同时,截至今年8月,海尔平台上200多个小微公司已经有超过100个年营收过亿元,其中5个小微估值过5亿,2个估值过20亿。这也算回应了众多对人单合一模式的质疑。

事实上,人单合一模式不仅存在于家电业、制造业,也可以复制到医疗、服务等不同行业。张瑞敏说,这种模式是一个国际化的商业模式,它在日本三洋白电、新西兰斐雪派克、美国通用家电的成功落地,就是最好的例子。

张瑞敏介绍:“我们现在兼并并购很多企业,用一个沙拉式模式,里面有各种各样的不同蔬菜,每一种蔬菜代表一种文化或者一个国家的生活方式。但是它的沙拉酱是统一的,沙拉酱就是‘人单合一’。举一个例子,我们兼并日本三洋,三洋最重要的一个精神就是团队精神。但是我们现在没有改变它的团队精神,只是用人单合一来改变你团队精神的方向。过去的团队精神是听领导的,领导让你干这一件事儿,今天晚上不睡觉也要干出来。但是不是市场需要的不知道。现在不行,你的团队精神必须和用户连在一起。你干的这一个事儿是用户要的才行。像新西兰的斐雪派克,这个工厂制造的工艺非常好,所以我把它叫做工匠精神。以前斐雪派克的产品价格非常高,卖的非常好,最后亏损是因为什么?因为我只是自我欣赏,我这一个非常精美绝伦的产品。是不是用户的体验呢?不管。现在我们把它放在整个全球范围的用户,他们现在不仅仅扭亏为盈,而且发展的很好。我觉得人单合一的国际化到现在推行的还是比较好的。为什么比较好?我认为本质上就是一条,因为人单合一的中心就是以人的价值为中心,怎么把你的价值充分的发挥。”

瑞士洛桑国际管理发展学院创新管理学教授比尔·费舍尔认为,这种人单合一的模式很有借鉴推广意义:“张瑞敏做的这个事情非常有意思,他创造了这样一个公司、组织,这个组织里有无穷多的活力在涌动,有非常多的创造力,不断在塑造自己。他所在的其实是传统行业,可以说是大宗货物,通常是讲求量、讲求价格战的行业,尤其是他能在这样一个行业做这样新的管理方式,非常不容易。这个人单合一模式,在世界各地的各种类型的行业都可以适用的。”

海尔集团董事局主席、首席执行官张瑞敏最后用《道德经》中的一句话“大制不割”作为演讲的结束语,他希望能把中国两千多年前的传统哲学思想运用到当今的物联网时代,在企业管理模式上走在世界前列。

张瑞敏说:“大制不割,意思就是所有的机制是一个系统最完整的,不能把它割的七零八碎,不能切割开,这样就看不到整体的总的面貌。我觉得这是中西文化最大的不同。如果一个企业管理有问题,找了一个管理公司来咨询,它会找出很多原因,分别在不同部门,到底根源是什么?可能找不出来。我们现在做的是把部门取消掉,所有的部门变成一个小微,在小微里有所有的职责,因此可以和用户零距离,可以根治所有问题。”

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