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博物馆排长队成常态为哪般? 对高品质博物馆需求旺盛

2017-09-14 17:16:47   央广网

前不久在“2016博物馆指数报告”中,国博首次超越法国卢浮宫参观人次排名世界首位。去年,国博参观人次上升了3.6%,“2016博物馆指数报告”将这一增长归因于人口规模、免门票政策以及该馆位于北京主要旅游景点的地理位置。据黄琛介绍,国博目前年接待观众量在750万左右。有的人质疑为什么不能多开几个入口和检票口,黄琛表示,多开几个口并不难,但博物馆是封闭空间,加设入口可能导致人潮一下子涌入,增加馆内安全隐患和藏品的受损风险。

对高品质博物馆要求旺盛

博物馆门前进馆参观的“长龙”,有些人认为是民众文化消费水平提高的表现,有些人则认为是博物馆的服务意识不足的表现。在宋向光看来,排长队的主要原因在于“有限的博物馆公共服务空间赶不上快速增长的观众数量”。与他持相同看法的国家文物局博物馆处何晓雷认为,归根究底还是“高品质博物馆、展览数量满足不了民众日益增长的需求”。

据国家文物局发布的数据显示,2008年博物馆的观众数量增长60%,2009年增长83%,近年来仍以接近10%的速度增加。反观博物馆发展,2009年增长19%,以后逐年回落,近年来仅有6%左右的增加。

宋向光向记者分析,目前观众对博物馆需求的增长主要来源于几方面:一是博物馆展览质量的提升,对公众吸引力增大。博物馆积极组织馆藏精品展览,组织与当下时事有关的展览,如首博的“妇好”展、“海昏侯”展,故宫的“石渠宝笈”展。同时,许多博物馆也积极举办国外博物馆优质展览,如国博、上博的“大英博物馆100件文物中的世界史”展,天津博物馆、山东博物馆、云南博物馆、成都金沙遗址博物馆等合作引进的古罗马帝国文物巡回展等。人们对这些精品特展力求“一睹为快”。二是国内旅游业的快速发展,博物馆成为人们了解目的地历史文化的重要来源。三是人们学习意愿的加强,在假期期间的“游学活动”中,各地知名博物馆成为人们学习历史、知识的重要选择。

“其实,并不是所有博物馆门前都大排长龙,有的博物馆门庭冷落,这说明现在观众对高品质博物馆的要求更旺盛,也更多样化。”何晓雷说。

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