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当我们谈论电影的深度时 我们其实在谈论什么?

2017-09-07 08:17:12   中国青年网

同样的,也有影评人并不认同这一观点。影评人马香玉这样写:一个导演所能做的,就是把观众带回到当时的战场中去,感受他们所感受的,恐惧他们所恐惧的。这比任何说教更有深度。而刘起的一段话也得到很多同行的认同:从故事的复杂性与主题的深度上来看,一部90-120分钟的电影,永远无法超越文学———有哪一部战争电影在复杂性和深度上可以与托尔斯泰的 《战争与和平》 相比? 电影有其独特的表现方式,在敦刻尔克大撤退中的个体,根本无暇思考战争的本质、也无暇反思人性,剩下的只有恐惧,只有此刻不知道下一刻的孤独绝望与求生本能,而诺兰想要表现的,就是战争中人最真实的状态,而非历史、战争、人性的深度。虽然表面化,但这才是还原战争本质最直接的方式———人在战争中最当下的状态。

当大多数人都生长在和平年代,感谢战争片,让我们对战争保有恐惧之心

有一个现象耐人寻味:该片上映之后,一股“敦刻尔克热潮”随之兴起。除了英国历史畅销书作家约书亚·莱文的 《敦刻尔克》、美国著名作家沃尔特·劳德的 《敦刻尔克的奇迹》 与电影形成捆绑销售之势,一些相关事件的经典作品也重新被人们提起,比如英国首相丘吉尔的 《第二次世界大战回忆录》、尼利厄斯·瑞恩的 《最长的一天》 以及李德·哈特的 《第二次世界大战战史》 等。

而在最能反映热点话题风向标的各家自媒体和公众号上,敦刻尔克也成为一个热词,不少相关文章阅读量都迅速超过10万+。比如一篇名为《有一种撤退,叫敦刻尔克》 的文章,戏说那场发生在法国北部海港、历时九天的大撤退。文章最后引用丘吉尔在撤退结束后发表的演讲“我们将战斗到底”,对于奇迹的发生给出了自己的解读:“所有奇迹的产生,总有各种各样的原因,但背后有一点是共同的,那就是你必须要有一个‘坚持到底’的信念……就像丘吉尔的那句名言:永远,永远,永远不要投降。”文章很长,长到几乎违背了移动媒体时代的传播规律,但不仅获得了10万+的点击量,而且被多家公众号转载。

可以说,隔着半个多世纪回顾那一段历史,人们除了仍然津津乐道于这一场奇迹到底是如何发生的,更因为撤退中所展现出的人类精神而热泪盈眶,且热血沸腾。在一些评论者看来,这恰恰是战争片之于今天的意义。“优秀的战争片都会反映生命如草芥的残酷”“一切是那么逼真,又那么倏忽”,影评人周黎明在自己的专栏文章里这么写。当这个世界上的大多数人都生长在和平年代,战争片以电影特有的影像手段,让观众体验战争的恐惧和对生存的渴望。无论是之前的《拯救大兵瑞恩》 《大卫·林奇的中场战事》,还是此番上映的 《敦刻尔克》,都是如此。

让我们回到最初的议题:当一部电影所引发的讨论,早已溢出电影的边界,这难道不是一种深刻吗?

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