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保障犯罪嫌疑人第一时间获得法律服务

2017-09-01 07:10:54   中国青年网

5项职责无出庭辩护

意见规定了值班律师5项职责,包括解答法律咨询;引导和帮助申请法律援助;在认罪认罚从宽制度改革试点中,提供法律咨询、程序选择、申请变更强制措施等法律帮助;对刑讯逼供、非法取证情形代理申诉、控告等。

专家指出,5项职责基本覆盖了审前程序辩护律师的主要工作。熊秋红说,与英美法系国家相比,在认罪认罚从宽制度中发挥重要作用以及对刑讯逼供、非法取证情形代理申诉、控告,是我国值班律师独有的职责,体现了我国值班律师制度的特点,也是亮点。

在此基础上,意见明确,法律援助值班律师不提供出庭辩护服务。

之所以如此规定,熊秋红认为,从制度定位来看,值班律师相当于“急诊科医生”,援助律师相当于“日常科医生”,二者有明显区别,如果将值班律师的职责拓展到出庭辩护,值班律师就成为实质上的援助律师,在目前情况下,如果普遍提供援助律师,可能给整个法律援助体系带来难以承受之重。

实际上,在一些国家,是允许值班律师转为援助律师或者委托律师的,但不允许律师自行说服当事人选择他们作为“合意的”律师,因为这样做不符合律师执业道德。

顾永忠也认为,当前司法资源不足以及当事人有时间通过正常途径获得律师出庭辩护服务,是意见规定值班律师不提供出庭辩护服务的主要原因。将来条件成熟后,应该把值班律师的法律服务延伸到出庭辩护。这也是在法院设立值班律师工作站的初衷所在。

值班律师培训后上岗

意见规定,法律援助机构综合社会律师和法律援助机构律师政治素质、职业道德水准、业务能力、执业年限等确定值班律师人选,建立值班律师名册。加强对值班律师工作运行的业务指导,组织开展业务培训。

顾永忠说,值班律师作为公共法律服务的代表,为当事人提供法律服务,需要设置一些基本条件、基本考核制度。鉴于各地律师资源不同,应当允许各地结合实际,制定具体条件、考核方式,不能搞一刀切。

意见出台后,新入行的年轻律师能否从事这项工作,成为社会关注的一大热点。

熊秋红认为不能。她分析说,值班律师作为“急诊科医生”,需要有较高的业务能力,不适宜让新入行的律师来做,但新入行的律师可以由经验丰富的值班律师带领,进行技能培训后成为值班律师。鉴于值班律师的工作专业性非常强,一些国家和地区规定了值班律师的再教育和培训制度。

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