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量子技术将如何颠覆未来战争形态

2017-08-31 05:47:07   中国青年网

它还可以提高作战效率。量子计算可以对海量数据进行实时分析处理,进一步提升战争预测、作战方案制订与评估等能力,提高作战规划、指挥决策的效率。

此外,还可提升武器装备研发效率。量子计算可以有效解决高性能、大数据计算问题,加快导弹攻防系统、大型海空作战武器平台、军事航天装备等复杂武器系统的设计和试验进程,提升装备研发效率,为未来战争提供更加尖端、实用的武器装备。

超前谋划

2017年1月18日,我国“墨子”号量子科学实验卫星圆满完成在轨测试任务,正式交付用户单位使用。美国《华尔街日报》以“沉寂了一千年,中国誓回发明创新之巅”为题发表文章,并将“墨子”号卫星作为中国提升科技创新能力的重要标志。如今,我国量子卫星科学研究团队又取得了全新的领先性突破,再度引起国内外科技界的高度关注。

目前,我国在量子通信、量子计算和量子探测等领域都取得了突破性进展,与发达国家差距不大,基本上处于同一起跑线,甚至在量子通信领域已经走在世界前列。中国科学院院长白春礼2017年4月10日透露,中科院正在研制中国首台量子计算机,预计最近几年有望研制成功,科学家已经能够对单粒子和量子态进行调控,开始从“观测时代”走向“调控时代”。

国务院2016年3月发布《国民经济和社会发展第十三个五年规划纲要》,把量子通信和天地一体化信息网列入十大重点推进项目中,将极大地推动量子通信的大规模建设和应用。量子通信的安全、高效以及国家在量子通信领域的逐步推进,也让市场对于量子通信的前景充满了期待。计划到2020年,我国将实现亚洲与欧洲的洲际量子密钥分发。计划到2030年左右,我国将建成全球化的广域量子通信网络。初步建成的“京沪干线”连接北京、济南、合肥、上海,全程2025公里,是世界首例千公里级、高可信、可扩展的广域光纤量子通信网络,将用于金融、政务等领域数据、信息的远距离安全传输。据报道,第一个商用量子通信专网——济南党政机关量子通信专网近日已经完成测试,保密性、安全性、成码率的测试均达到设计目标,整套网络计划8月底正式投入使用。

从科技与军事变革角度来说,以电子技术为主导的信息技术诱发了当前尚在持续深化发展之中的新科技革命,催生了从机械化到信息化的军事革命,信息化战争形态正在取代传统的机械化战争形态;而量子技术一旦取得成功,很可能会取代电子技术而主导新一轮科技革命,引起战争基因的突变,深刻改变未来战争的制胜机理,促进战争形态从信息化战争向智能化战争演变。

为此,我们必须增强科技理解力和敏锐性,高度关注量子技术的发展与运用,超前统筹谋划,持续加大投入,以科技创新推动战斗力生成模式转型发展,在迎接新军事革命的挑战中赢得先机,牢牢掌握战略主动权。

(作者单位:国防大学)

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