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新三板服务中小微企业成效显著

2017-08-29 06:26:18   中国青年网

在新三板,公司挂牌不设财务门槛和股权分散度要求,以包容性理念设置准入条件,以信息披露为中心,但与此同时也要求挂牌企业规范运营,建立规范的公司治理架构,公开披露重要信息,以保障投资者的知情权和决策参与权等。这些制度安排,一方面有效拓展了市场覆盖面,另一方面又较好解决了挂牌公司规范治理、会计信息标准化和信息公开问题,扫除了中小企业对接金融体系的微观障碍。“很多挂牌企业以前是家族企业,挂牌后,实现了从家族公司向公众公司的转变。”谢庚说。

目前,新三板已上线协议和做市转让方式。挂牌企业获得了股票合法公开转让渠道,提高了金融服务获取能力,改善了融资条件。截至2017年7月底,新三板做市股票1513只,协议股票9771只,市场累计成交5387.85亿元。此外,通过银监联动,企业尽职调查信息共享,2016年有5771家新三板公司通过专项金融产品等方式获得银行贷款合计4871亿元。

值得一提的是,新三板构建了主办券商制度,要求券商以销售为目的遴选企业,以提升企业价值为目的持续服务和督导。此举意在“不比生源,比服务”,促进了券商转型,回归服务实体经济本质。目前,参与新三板市场服务的主办券商达100家,其中做市商93家。

针对中小微企业往往发端于行业细分领域,很难形成完整的产业链条和市场价值的最大化这一现象。新三板建立了高度市场化的并购重组制度。截至2017年7月末,挂牌公司累计披露重大资产重组和收购800次,交易总额1232.07亿元,其中七成以上交易为现代服务业和战略性新兴产业公司实施了产业整合,或传统制造业公司的转型升级。

加快完善市场功能

8月25日,也是新三板做市3周年的日子。3年间,新三板挂牌公司也在分化之中。有的市值一飞冲天,也有的股价跌跌不休。由于新三板市场没有IPO制度,公司股份高度集中是市场特色。80%的公司股东不到10个人,这种情况决定了新三板市场不具备高效率流动机制。经过第一波投资热潮,新三板流动性不足特征凸显。一些优质挂牌公司转去A股IPO,也有一些公司因融资目标没有达到,又要付出监管成本,选择主动摘牌。

如何使企业愿意来、留得住;使投资者愿意进、敢于投?这是新三板面临的重大挑战。一段时间以来,引入竞价交易的呼声日益升高。

对此,谢庚表示,对于当前所谓新三板市场低迷的情况,可反证前期市场火爆不太正常,现在降温属正常现象。“理性回归是市场进一步发展的重要前提。”他认为,市场的基本制度构建、监管能力提升都需时间。如果在不成熟的时候过分快马加鞭,会出问题。“新三板市场定位于服务创新型、创业型、成长型中小微企业,这个原则始终不会变。”

对于下一步的深化改革,谢庚强调,“改革方向和市场发展空间很明确,都在《国务院关于全国中小企业股份转让系统有关问题的决定》中”。

可以说,新三板正在进入“从量的积累到质的飞跃”关键阶段。在1万余家挂牌公司中,成熟企业与初创企业并存。挂牌公司平均设立年限10.57年,其中10年以上的占比55%,短于5年的不足10%;平均股本5700万元,其中大于3000万元上市条件的占比55%。已有相当数量的公司与市场建立时的主体预设不一致,市场需求结构发生了深刻变化,需要加快完善市场功能。谢庚表示,“改革的思路,是进一步完善新三板市场内部分层”。

新三板未来是否考虑引入公开发行制度?谢庚表示,方向是明确的,空间是存在的,只是要看各方面条件的成熟情况。“既然是推进创新,肯定是不同于现有做法。具体什么内容大家可以期待”。

一些市场人士期待新三板能发展成“中国的纳斯达克”,这种愿望并非空想。“近期我们邀请纳斯达克的团队来新三板研讨交流,欢迎感兴趣的媒体参加。”谢庚告诉记者。

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