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构筑生态屏障 追逐绿色梦想

2017-08-28 07:16:57   中国青年网

酒泉市各级党委、政府抢抓西部大开发和生态文明建设的历史机遇,积极争取实施各类林业生态项目,先后实施了三北防护林、退耕还林、防沙治沙等40项工程,初步形成了乔灌草搭配、带片网结合、渠路林配套的农田防护林体系,各级道路适宜造林地段基本实现了绿化,农田林网化率在90%以上,城市建成区绿化覆盖率33%,人均公共绿地面积超过11平方米。

酒泉市始终把农田防护林建设作为绿洲内人工造林的重中之重,围绕村组抓落实,新建与改造并重,坚持每个村民小组每年完成1公里的防护林任务,从上到下全力组织实施。坚持统一规划,集中连片,造、封、育结合,开发与治理结合,在城乡周边重点风沙口开展植树造林,起到了很好的防护效果。近5年累计人工造林65.46万亩,封育天然沙生植被41.75万亩,取得了良好的生态效益和社会效益。

封沙育林育草建设工程“不松手”,按照“大范围封育,小区域治理”的工作思路,酒泉市严格落实“禁止采伐,禁止无序移民,禁止开荒”的“三禁”措施,封育保护与人工种植相结合,对自然生态资源实行强制性保护,有力地促进了天然沙生植被的大面积恢复。五年来,全市实施三北防护林土封滩育林15.5万亩,退耕还林封滩育林9.1万亩,沙化土地封禁保护96.5万亩,新增国家(省)级生态公益林补偿面积117.76万亩,补偿总面积达到723万亩,实施草原围栏工程1000万亩,区域内草原植被覆盖率提高了5%,土地沙化、天然草原退化势头得到了遏制。

水资源节约与保护利用“两手硬”,酒泉市采取有力措施,严格控制用水量,使湿地水源得到补充,沙生植被得到恢复,有效遏制了生态环境恶化的进程。在保障农业用水的同时,每年洪水期协调各个流域向下游湿地调水和人工输水7000万立方米左右。在人工造林工程中,节水灌溉面积累计达到14.6万亩,亩均节水达50%。城镇绿化带、网、片80%实现了滴灌、管灌和喷灌。

酒泉市依据工程类型和治理区域,每年筛选确立多项重点造林工程作为示范样板工程,合力攻坚,整体推进,促进了全市防沙治沙工作不断前进。尤其是在推广普及先进实用技术上,坚持因地制宜、适地适树的原则开展植树造林,严格落实水流不到的地段不造林、管护措施落实不到的地段不造林、地下水位较低的地段不植乔木林等措施,在封育工程中采用围栏、人工种植梭梭、铺设阻沙网等综合措施,起到了很好的治理效果。

酒泉市在防沙治沙和沙产业基地建设上取得了成效,也积累了经验。

“各级政府部门认真担起防沙治沙第一责任人的职责,每年都将防沙治沙作为目标责任书的重要内容,进行安排部署,检查考核。”酒泉市林业局负责人介绍说。酒泉市交通部门在道路规划设计中尽力做到不占自然保护区、沙化封禁区等生态脆弱地段,并在公路重点区段设置了沙障、实施物理治沙工程;市国土部门严格落实耕地占补平衡制度,开展土地综合整治33.14万亩;市水务部门统筹水资源利用,每年安排一定量的生态水用于造林地灌溉、补充湿地水源,实施水土流失综合治理工程,治理面积1.55万亩;市农牧部门积极推广普及农业节水措施,80%以上农作物实现了节水灌溉,实施草原围栏、退牧还草工程,面积108万亩。

近5年来,酒泉市通过项目建设,加大资金投入,先后实施了退耕还林、“三北”防护林、国家重点生态公益林、自然保护区建设等林业生态建设重点项目40项,争取到位林业建设资金4.05亿元,为推进防沙治沙事业前进,促进区域生态环境改善提供了坚实保障。同时,酒泉市各类社会经济组织积极参与,形成了防沙治沙事业强大合力,5年累计投入林业生态建设资金21.72亿元,完成人工造林作业面积65.46万亩,封滩育林109.4万亩,完成义务植树1937万株。

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