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又有在日中国研修生遇害,他们在日本都经历了什么?

2017-08-23 09:48:55   国际在线

1993年,日政府在研修生接收制度的基础上,设立了技能实习生制度,并随后进行了多次修改。根据现行的制度,前往日本的务工人员在经过一个月的研修生过渡后,便转为技能实习生,大部分是三年期合同,而且合同期间原则上不能中途回国。

在法律上,技能实习生享有与日本国民同工同酬的待遇,但实际上,绝大部分技能实习生只是按照日本最低工资标准来发放工资。根据日本媒体报道,日本在2013年曾把全国平均最低工资标准调整为每小时为764日元(约合人民币40元)。

在日中国研修生多从事技术含量低的劳动密集型产业(图片来源于网络)

英国广播公司曾发表评论文章称,日本的技能实习生制度自推出后不久就被批评是利用廉价劳动力,侵犯人权。虽然该制度后来曾多次修改,但仍被指换汤不换药,侵犯实习生权利的问题仍然时有发生,甚至还有媒体形容技能实习生实际上是“奴工”。

日本媒体曾经报道,长野县某工厂内的中国实习生们被要求超长时间劳动,而居住地卫生保暖等条件极其恶劣。无独有偶,日本岐阜县某工厂的中国实习生不仅工资极低,加班费也被拖欠。当他们要求公司支付工资时间,竟突遭解雇,险被强制遣送回国。

2014年底,日本媒体再曝著名莴苣产地川上村发生的中国实习生遭受人权侵害的事件。据日本律师联合会公布的调查结果显示,该地的中国实习生们忍受长时间劳动,居住狭小的简易宿舍,工资受到控制无法自由使用,人身自由受到严格限制等。

事实上,招收技能实习生的日本行业大多是日本年轻人不愿意从事的劳动强度大、工作环境差、休息时间少的工作。而且由于工资水平较低,也使一些行业因此降低了劳工成本。

日本厚生劳动省2016年8月公布的数据显示,在2015年被调查的5173家雇用外国研修生的日本雇主中,七成违反劳动基准法或劳动安全卫生法等法律。

在日中国研修生的生存现状

从日本推出外国研修生制度开始,中国就一直是日本研修生的主要来源国。日本研修生制度对待外来务工人员如此苛刻,为何依然有大批中国年轻人前仆后继呢?

据了解,赴日中国技能实习生大多来自农村,他们只有高中或中专学历,在国内找不到较为满意的工作,当看到中介的“高收入”的广告时,便动心了。很多人缴纳高额的中介费和押金后,决定到日本赌上一把,赚一笔钱回国过更好的生活。

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