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水下隧道穿江越海铺坦途

2017-08-21 06:21:28   中国青年网

为解决这些问题,中铁十四局集团向盾构机厂商量身定制了一台12.51米级泥水平衡盾构机,在世界盾构施工中首次实现了常压下滚刀、齿刀互换技术。

“以往更换刀具必须带压作业,每次换刀前后,作业人员要在高压舱内待上很长时间让身体适应,每次带压作业时间不超过40分钟,换一把刀往往需要几个小时,换刀效率低,作业风险大。而我们研发的常压下滚刀、齿刀互换技术,可以在正常压力下直接更换刀具,效率大大提升。遇软土时盾构机的刀盘采用齿刀来掘进,遇砾石或岩石时操作人员直接在盾构机舱内换滚刀上阵。”张哲说。

武汉地铁8号线长江地铁隧道也成为国内第一条采用双层衬砌(预制管片+现浇混凝土)的盾构交通隧道。“在原有的隧道内壁贴管片的基础上,再加一层30厘米厚的钢混内衬,相当于贴上了金刚甲。这种工艺运用在地铁隧道中,既保证安全性又耐用,可以抵抗6级震力,使用年限长达100年。”吕延豪告诉记者。

水下隧道蓬勃发展

目前长江上建成和在建的隧道已有12座,标志着我国穿越江河湖海的隧道技术达到了世界先进水平

近年来,我国水下隧道建设蓬勃发展,众多水下公路、地铁、铁路隧道在构建城市、区域交通网建设中发挥了便利作用,也为水下隧道施工建设积累了丰富的技术和经验。

2008年12月28日,武汉长江隧道通车运营,中华民族实现了“隧穿长江”的梦想。这条隧道打破了以往大直径盾构只适用于软土地层的局限,开创了我国在复杂条件下修建大直径盾构隧道的先河。先进的盾构技术为我国城市交通发展的“地铁时代”提供了有力的技术支撑。武汉长江隧道破解了5大世界级难题,取得了10多项国家专利,没发生一起安全事故。

以“万里长江第一隧”为起点,一年半时间内,我国长江中下游3大越江隧道——武汉长江隧道、上海长江隧道、南京长江隧道相继建成通车。目前,万里长江上建成和在建的隧道已有12座,其中2012年以来建成通车和在建的有10座,这在世界水下交通建设史上是绝无仅有的,标志着我国穿越江河湖海的隧道技术臻于成熟,达到了世界先进水平。

在“隧穿长江”的引领下,扬州瘦西湖隧道建成通车、杭州钱江隧道通车运营、我国首条“穿黄”地铁——兰州地铁隧道1号线右线顺利贯通、苏通GIL管廊隧道工程盾构始进,这是世界上首座特高压盾构隧道,开创了我国特高压输变电工程穿越江河湖海等大面积水域电力建设的新模式……

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