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ICO融资向私募“升级” 亟待建立监管机制

2017-08-15 10:36:52   央广网

与国外相比,中国的ICO私募基金起步较晚。根据公开信息,今年8月初,国内第一家专注ICO的比特币风险投资基金成立,主要投资市场为国内的ICO项目。此外,万向集团等也先后投资了ICO私募基金。

“投资方式上,要看基金是以什么形式募集。”张利称, 一种是采用币币交易,通过以太币、莱特币等方式投资,如果募集的是法定货币,也可以将法币转成数字货币再投给对方;如果募集的时候本身就是以太币、比特币等,则持有与项目估值等值的法定货币对应的数字货币。

建立监管机制成共识

从网络世界的虚拟货币,到进入现实社会,比特币等数字货币开始成为现实生活的支付工具。2017年4月1日,日本承认比特币的合法性。与此同时,随着ICO的不断升温,参与者日渐众多,潜在的诸多风险也开始暴露,纳入监管已经成为市场共识。

根据媒体报道,近日新加坡金融管理局发布建议,提醒消费者警惕数字资产(或数字货币)投资的信用记录缺乏、二级市场流动性不足、不透明及投机性质、洗钱和恐怖主义等潜在风险。此外,新加坡金融管理局也提醒,ICO存在项目失败或跑路导致的资金损失风险、价格剧烈波动引起的金融风险、借ICO进行的诈骗、非法集资等违法犯罪风险等诸多风险。

而在中国的ICO融资项目中,以老年人较多的参与者结构、匿名投资等形式,也决定了其较高的风险系数。张利亦称,由于投资额较少,不少参与者是抱着“玩一玩”的心态参与ICO项目投资。

张利称,在监管尚未介入之前,是否有优秀的创始人团队,是否有成功的经验、案例,以及是否有很好的技术发展前景,是判断一个ICO项目好坏的主要标准。

在国外,包括日本、新加坡、美国等多个国家,针对ICO的火爆,早在2013年就已开始建立监管沙盒机制,但在中国目前尚属空白。作为区块链的参与者,张利也希望,ICO能纳入国家监管体系,建立类似国外的沙盒监管机制。

国务院发展研究中心金融研究所原所长张承惠此前表示,不少国家都对金融创新推行了监管沙盒,性质相当于搞一个金融科技特区,对金融科技公司进行单独审查,符合要求就纳入监管沙盒。申请的企业很多,但能够进入沙盒的数量有限。中国如何监管,是需要探讨的问题。

针对这种情况,一些地方政府已经开始有所动作。7月25日,贵阳市政府联合多家组织发布了《区块链ICO贵阳共识》,并设立“区块链ICO沙盒计划”,提出适当给予ICO项目包容性豁免,包括白名单管理、融资计划和合格投资人管理等。

此内容为第一财经原创。未经第一财经授权,不得以任何方式加以使用,包括转载、摘编、复制或建立镜像。第一财经将追究侵权者的法律责任。

编辑:林洁琛

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