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九寨沟地震遇难人数已达24人

2017-08-12 03:12:16   中国青年网

水库不会引发大地震

我国地震近期是否进入活跃期?水库有可能引发大地震吗?11日,新华社记者采访了中国工程院院士陈厚群以及中国地震台网中心副主任、研究员刘杰,专家们对我国大陆地震活动情况等社会关心的热点问题进行了解答。

我国地震活动处正常水平

2017年8月8日至9日,我国西部发生四川九寨沟7.0级地震和新疆精河6.6级地震。短时间内连续发生强震,有人担心:我国是否进入了地震活跃期?对此专家表示,我国地震活动处于正常活动水平。

据了解,历史上短时间内连续发生强震的情况是有的,如1955年4月14日四川康定发生7.5级地震,次日新疆乌恰便两次发生7.0级地震;1966年3月6日西藏札达发生6.6级地震,8日河北隆尧发生6.8级地震;2008年10月5日新疆乌恰发生6.8级地震、10月6日西藏当雄发生6.6级地震。因此,连续发生强震不是一个罕见事件。

我国地震活动水平是比较高的,年均20次5级地震、3至4次6级地震、0.67次7级地震。刘杰介绍,九寨沟7.0级地震前我国大陆7级地震平静已达24个月,6级地震平静已达8个月,2017年1月至7月也只发生了4次5级地震,地震活动水平是比较低的。

刘杰指出,这两次地震发生是对前一段低地震活动水平的补充,目前我国仍处于正常地震活动状态内。

刘杰还告诉记者,我国发生7级地震是比较常见的现象,平均3年2次7级地震。

什么是水库地震

四川省水利资源丰富,水库数量较多。近期也有一些舆论认为水库和地震的发生有一定关联。那么,到底什么是水库地震?水库有可能引发大地震吗?

陈厚群介绍,水库地震主要分为两类:一类是水库蓄水后,两岸原来存在的溶洞、矿洞,由于水体淹没的影响发生陷落,在库区诱发地震,一般震级不会很大且能量有限;另一类是,库区正好穿越发生地震的断裂带,水库蓄水后水渗入地下,孔隙压力升高,抗滑强度减弱,水库起到触发作用。这些区域原本就有地震,水库蓄水起到一定的触发作用。

资料显示,水库诱发地震的研究始于20世纪初。水库蓄水诱发的地震多为中小地震,对水库不会产生大的破坏。

陈厚群表示,到目前为止已建成的水库当中,发生地震的水库极少,而发生6级以上水库地震的水库全球仅4个。应该说,由水库引发大地震的可能性是极低的。

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