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从腐败诱因中寻找治腐良方

2017-08-08 08:53:40   中国青年网

非洲国家开展的反腐败运动,既有内部的动力,也有外部压力的推动。内部因素主要是非洲国家政府为了自身经济发展、社会稳定;外部压力则是相关国际机构、债权国不再愿意容忍非洲国家普遍泛滥的腐败行为,一些西方债权国甚至以政治透明、良好的问责和反腐成效作为减免非洲国家债务的条件。

这些年,经过一番努力,不少非洲国家如博茨瓦纳、卢旺达等国的反腐败实践取得了卓越的成效,有力助推了这些国家经济社会的健康发展。但也有一些非洲国家的反腐败实验最终以失败告终。诚如一家国际腐败监督机构的负责人布拉谢所言,仅仅起诉了一些害群之马,不能说明整个系统都得到改革,除非该国政府能够设计出连贯的策略将腐败从体制中彻底铲除,否则一旦强力反腐的领导人离开,腐败就会以变本加厉之势卷土重来。可见,要根治腐败并非易事。腐败的治理没有一劳永逸、一蹴而就的方法,需要坚持不懈、久久为功、综合治理。从非洲反腐败实践经验看,健全完善政治民主制度、提高权力运行的透明度、堵塞体制机制中的腐败漏洞、创建专门的反腐败机构、防止“兄弟会”等帮会组织对政治的渗透、培育公民的道德责任感、重视预防性政策和措施等,都是治理腐败问题的重要良方。

(作者系北京师范大学国际反腐败教育与研究中心研究员、秘书长,中国刑法学研究会副秘书长)

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