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防治脂肪肝减肥戒酒 控制血压血糖是关键

2017-08-08 05:32:58   中国青年网

治疗重点是 找到原因并予以清除

脂肪肝防治有3个阶段目标。早期目标是防治心血管的意外事件;中期目标是控制胆囊炎、胆囊结石甚至胆囊息肉等胆道疾病的发生;最终的目的是要防治终点疾病的发生,即减少肝癌和结肠肿瘤的发生。

治疗脂肪肝是一个知易行难的过程,因为并没有靶向药物对脂肪肝进行治疗,所以治疗的重点是找出脂肪肝形成的原因并予以清除,如减肥、戒酒或者控制血压血糖等。

戒除需要很大的决心和毅力。控制饮食和有氧运动是不可单独分割的,任何一项单独出来都没有意义。正常的饮食需要营养均衡,限制热量;有效的有氧运动是有条件限制的,需以全身运动为主,每次超过30分钟,每周140分钟,控制心率变化,身体出汗达到消耗脂肪的目的,具体还要根据个人自身的情况规定运动时间的强度。

脂肪肝什么时候需要治疗

脂肪肝是一个疾病谱,包括单纯性脂肪肝、脂肪性肝炎、脂肪性肝硬化和肝癌。单纯性脂肪肝阶段是不需要治疗的,通过生活方式的改变就可以治愈。非酒精性脂肪性肝炎患者占据了每年脂肪肝患者的15%,为避免进一步恶化导致更严重的后果和并发症,在这个阶段内,提倡进行药物治疗即保肝治疗和抗氧化剂治疗。50岁以上的人和50岁以下的人在非酒精性脂肪性肝病的发病机制上有所不同,“指南”规定,50岁以上的脂肪肝患者如出现2型糖尿病、高脂血症、高尿酸症的病症,无论肝脏酶学是否正常,均应考虑存在非酒精性脂肪性肝炎,都应进行有效的药物干预以减少未来肝硬化和肝癌的发生风险。对于患有糖尿病的脂肪肝患者来说,二甲双胍可以有效降低肝癌的发生率,也可以控制脂肪肝患者的体重,同时又是比较安全的药。

瘦弱的人也会得脂肪肝

目前关于酒精和脂肪肝的关系存在一些争议,少量饮酒可以减少3型糖尿病和冠心病的发生,但是少量和适量的定义难以界定清楚,过多酒精的摄入还是有害于健康的。瘦弱的人也会得脂肪肝,即使人的外表是瘦的,但是在基因和长期不良生活习惯的影响下,体表脂肪面积并不一定小,腹部的脂肪层可能是厚的,依旧很容易患上脂肪肝。

医生提醒,脂肪肝患者不易减肥过快,容易导致脂肪肝症状的加重,每个月0.5公斤到1公斤即可;不建议脂肪肝患者自行采买复方中药和多种保健品混用;对于坚果,碳酸饮料等高热量食品,要避免过度摄入,减少脂肪肝发生的可能性;在肝功能正常的情况下,不建议在服用药物的同时自行服用保肝药物。

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