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三类人群易患股骨头坏死

2017-08-08 05:03:34   中国青年网

另外,早期发现股骨头坏死,大部分患者通过中医中药是可以治疗干预的。此外,中期可通过微创保髋手术干预,促进坏死修复、预防或纠正塌陷。如果晚期发现大部分患者只能做“关节置换”了。目前最常用的是“保髋”和“换髋”两种方式,在早期采用“保髋”的方法,如果保住了,很多患者可能一辈子就不需要“换髋”。由于这个病早期很难发现,有些患者可能已经到三期了,去医院检查仍有可能被不是专科的医生误认为是腰椎间盘突出症或膝关节疾病来治疗,所以,髋关节疼痛患者找股骨头坏死专科医生进行诊治是很重要的。

警惕:三类人群是高危人群 需半年内定期做检查

何伟指出,大剂量使用糖皮质激素、酗酒、外伤史等是导致股骨头坏死的最主要原因。他特别提醒青少年股骨颈骨折患者、长期大剂量使用激素者和长期酗酒者等高危人群需尽早排查股骨头坏死,并建议这三类高危人群,必要时半年至1年内在专科医生的指导下定期及时地做核磁共振检查髋关节,不要等到疼痛难忍才就医。“很多患者一旦发生疼痛,往往坏死已发展到塌陷或将要塌陷的中晚期阶段。”

“股骨头坏死发病后长时间内都可能没有任何不适,因此以自己的感觉来判断有无股骨头坏死是不准确的。”何伟指出,X光片、CT等影像检查也不能发现早期坏死,目前只有通过核磁共振检查才能确定有无股骨头坏死。

何伟介绍称,在髋关节人工置换手术人群中,股骨头坏死排在首位,也就是说这个病在整个髋关节疾病里数量是最多的。

■温馨提醒 如何预防股骨头坏死?

不要滥用激素。如果及时发现,很多病人还有机会可以避免换髋关节。不管是治疗什么疾病,都要正规使用激素类药物。高危人群应保护好自己。

不要长期酗酒,避免喝劣质酒。

外伤后要及时检查。伤后半年到1年,应该主动到医院做股骨头核磁共振检查,及早发现、及早治疗。

股骨头坏死早期症状是什么?

早期症状有患侧臀部或腹股沟或腰部疼痛,膝关节部位疼痛,休息时减轻、行走或体位改变时加重,下肢畏寒、无力、酸麻感,这些症状不一定同时出现,可能仅表现一两个症状,这些症状可能持续存在,也可能短期内消失,这时到医院做髋关节核磁共振检查,就能做出诊断。

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