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西安老人7000枚古钱币被警方“暂存” 追讨26年无果

2017-07-26 15:10:22   中国青年网

西安市公安局政秘科副科长丁一捷:“1991年5月3日,经审批同意,七处一科对扣查吴琪荣的国家二级文物三件,三级文物6件,一般文物予以罚没,1991年5月6日,七处一科将罚没吴琪荣的铜镜、陶缸、宋碗等文物移交西安市文物管理处,1993年12月28日,将罚没的7300枚古币移交陕西省文物商店。回顾全案,案件的定性是准确的,事实是清楚的,处理也是恰当的。案情的基本情况就是这样。”

那么,这些古钱币和古董到底是暂存还是罚没?当初移交的依据又是什么?记者来到西安市文物局了解情况。

西安市文物局博物馆处处长:“公安局既然移交给文物部门了,应该有移交清单,包括有的移交的手续可能有。”

记者:“他现在不给看。”

西安市文物局博物馆处处长:“那就无从查起,就是没办法查。”

文物部门以没有公安部门的移交清单为由表示无法查阅被移交的古董去向。那么,公安部门所说的7300枚古钱币移交到陕西省文物商店后又是如何处理的?记者来到位于西安南大街的陕西省文物总店了解情况。

陕西省文物总店马经理:“税务上专门组织很多账都消了,所以就没办法查。”

由于无法提供相关的手续和凭证,文物部门无法查找。吴琪荣一家在咨询律师后提出疑问:警方当初出具的票据是暂存,之后就没有进一步的处理结果,对这批钱币和古董最后的去向他们也毫不知情。因此,2016年12月11日,他们聘请律师代理向西安市公安局提交了《申请书》,要求返还其“暂存”所有的古钱币和文物的要求,并做出行政行为的书面答复,但公安局拒绝答复。

西安市缔伍律师事务所律师苗长青:“但暂存并不是一个最终的行政行为,也就是说对这批暂存的古钱币和文物怎么处理,一直没有定论。”

那么,26年前,公民是否可以拥有和收藏文物,吴琪荣的收藏是否合法合规?26年前警方对吴琪荣开具的2张暂存单又是什么性质的行为?

西安市缔伍律师事务所律师苗长青:“依据1982年的《中华人民共和国文物保护法》第24条的规定:私人收藏的文物可以由文化行政管理部门收购, 公民个人合法所有的文物相互交换或者依法转让,也就是说公民个人是可以拥有文物的,其他任何单位或者是个人不得经营文物收购业务,也就是说公民个人在当年是可以拥有文物的,只是不能私自交易。如果当事人当年对部分文物私自交易了,那是违法的,警方可以对涉案的文物进行处罚,但不应当扣押其他未涉案文物。另外从警方开具的罚款单据来看,当年处理的仅仅是行政处罚,并不是刑事侦查,也就是说当事人当年收藏文物的行为,并没有构成文物犯罪。否则,警方不会也不应当对当事人开具罚款单据。”

既然如此,警方当初为什么要对文物做出罚没的行为?当时处罚的依据和案件记录又是什么?记者多次联系公安部门采访均被拒绝。令人疑惑的还有,一笔七千多枚的古钱币移交,文物部门为什么难以查出最终流向?理由仅仅是时间太久的原因吗?面对这样的现状,吴琪荣如何实现自已的主张呢?

西安市缔伍律师事务所律师苗长青:“首先是当事人可以依据行政诉讼法第47条规定,以保护公民财产为由提出自己的正当诉求,要求公安主管部门履行法定职责;其次在对方不予受理的情况下,当事人可以向法院提起诉讼,要求判定被告行政不作为违法,以保护自己的合法权益。”

七千枚古钱币被罚没却一直没有法定的罚没单和收据,只是暂存证明。拿着暂存单,又被告知移交文物部门,而文物部门又无从查起。面对这样的结果,吴琪荣的心结如何解开?这批文物的去向究竟是什么?我们将继续予以关注。

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