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哪些因素决定你生孩子是简单模式or困难模式?

2017-06-21 08:07:37   

中国人以前讲“屁股大好生养”,这句话也有一定道理的。虽然屁股大不等于骨盆大,但女性骨盆的大小、形状直接影响分娩的过程。根据骨盆的形态,理论上常见的骨盆分为4型:

女型:是最常见的,也是女性的正常骨盆,骨盆入口呈横椭圆形,最有利于分娩;

扁平型:较常见,骨盆较浅,骨盆入口呈扁椭圆形;

类人猿型:骨盆入口呈长椭圆形,骨盆前部较窄而后部较宽;

男型:我国女性中最少见的骨盆类型,骨盆入口略呈三角形,骨盆腔呈漏斗形,往往造成难产。

临床上多见的骨盆类型是混合型骨盆,骨盆的形态、大小除有种族差异外,其生长发育还受遗传、营养与性激素的影响。如果你天生身材娇小,一定程度上说,和身材高大的女性比,骨盆上也许就不占优势呢!

产力

将胎儿及其附属物(脐带和胎盘)从子宫腔内“逼出”的力量称为产力。产力包括子宫收缩力、腹壁肌及隔及收缩力(统称腹压)和肛提肌收缩力。在这几种力中,子宫收缩力一般不可自我控制,但是腹压和肛提肌收缩力还是有很大的个体差异的。

通常来说,平时有适当体力劳动或者锻炼的女性,在生产过程中相对比较会用腹压,耐力也比较强,顺产的成功率也较高。

胎儿因素

胎儿大小、胎位以及有无造成分娩困难的胎儿的畸形是胎儿能否顺利通过产道的重要因素。

分娩过程中,胎头颅骨会轻度移位重叠使得头颅变形,从而缩小体积,有利于胎儿娩出。胎儿如果过大容易导致胎头径线大,这种情况下,即便骨盆大小正常,也可能因为相对性头盆不称造成难产。

精神心理因素

产妇一系列的精神心理因素,能够影响机体内部的平衡、适应力和健康。有相当数量的初产妇通过各种渠道了解到有关分娩的负面信息,怕痛、怕出血、怕发生难产、怕自己不能坚持、怕胎儿危险、怕自己有生命危险、怕胎儿性别不理想等,再加上待产室陌生、孤独嘈杂的环境,加之逐渐变强的镇痛,均导致产妇临产后情绪紧张,常常处于焦虑、不安和恐惧的精神状态。常常表现为不听医护人员的解释,不配合相关分娩动作,从而造成难产。

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