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广西1人水池晕倒8人出手相救 最终9人均不幸身亡

2017-06-13 16:57:55   

温馨提醒

  有害气体泄漏如何自救和救人

当身边出现有害气体泄漏等情况时如何自救?这些在日常生活中遇到有害气体时的应对和急救措施,教你身处险境时科学救援。

沼气中毒

甲烷又称为“沼气”,是一种无色无味的气体,广泛存在于天然气、煤气、沼气、淤泥池塘和密闭的窖井、池塘、煤矿(井)和煤库中。若空气中甲烷含量高,人体会因严重缺氧而出现呼吸困难、心动过速、昏迷以致窒息而死亡。

急救:迅速将中毒者移离现场(抢救人员必须佩戴有氧防护面罩)并送医,有条件送高压氧舱。在医护人员到达现场前,对中毒者进行人工呼吸。

煤气中毒

煤气中毒即一氧化碳中毒,它是无色、无味、无刺激性的气体。煤气中毒会出现头痛、头晕、心慌、耳鸣、眼球转动不灵、恶心呕吐,全身无力等症状;中度中毒者还会出现粘膜、口唇、皮肤、指甲出现樱桃红色症状;重度中毒者则会呼吸困难、肺水肿、心律不齐、体温升高、皮肤苍白或青紫,昏迷,肢体瘫痪、癫痫发作等。

急救:发现中毒应设法离开现场,吸新鲜空气,并呼叫他人速来相助。

如中毒者已无法自救,发现者可立即打开窗户,将其抬离现场,松解衣扣,使其呼吸通畅并保暖;如有呕吐应使病人头偏向一侧,并及时清理口鼻内的分泌物;用手导引人中、足三里、内关等穴,及时吸氧。如有窒息立即口对口人工呼吸和胸外心脏按压;尽快送医院抢救。

二氧化碳中毒

人体吸入二氧化碳过高,可使体内二氧化碳滞留,导致呼吸性酸中毒和中枢麻醉窒息。中毒者有头晕、头痛、乏力、嗜睡、耳鸣、心悸、胸闷、视力模糊等不适,呼吸先兴奋后抑制,可有瞳孔缩小,脉缓,血压升高或意识模糊。重症中毒者常于数秒钟内瘫倒和昏迷,若不及时救出易致死亡。

急救:迅速将中毒者拖出中毒现场,援救人员一定要佩戴供氧防毒面罩。救出现场后,如发现呼吸或心脏骤停,应及时施复苏术;严重中毒病例有条件者,可选择高压氧治疗。

硫化氢中毒

硫化氢有臭鸡蛋味,为无色气体,废气、粪池、污水沟、隧道、垃圾池中,均有各种有机物腐烂分解产生的大量硫化氢。接触硫化物会出现头痛、头晕、昏迷、抽搐、胸痛、胸闷、咽喉疼痛、气急,甚至出现肺水肿、肺炎、喉头痉挛以致窒息等症状。

急救:迅速将中毒者搬运出现场,移至空气新鲜处。有条件者静脉注射葡萄糖,严重者速送医院抢救。

氨中毒

氨是无色而有刺激气味的碱性气体。主要用于皮革、染料、化肥、制药等工业的冷冻剂。吸入中毒时,口、眼、鼻有辛辣感觉,咳嗽、流泪、流涎、胸痛、胸闷、呼吸急促,有氨味;严重者皮肤糜烂、水肿、坏死,肺水肿,喉痉挛,呼吸困难等。如是皮肤接触,可见皮肤红肿、水疱、糜烂、角膜炎等。

急救:使患者速离现场,静卧,给氧;眼、皮肤烧伤时可用清水或2%硼酸溶液彻底冲洗。广西新闻网-南国早报综合

(原标题:平果:村民修水池出意外 9人抢救无效死亡)

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