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婚姻中,你不可不知的七大法律知识

2017-06-05 13:06:04   

③ 一方父母或双方父母出资购买的。这个得区分好多种情况。原则上婚前一方父母出资的,视为对出资方子女的赠予;婚后一方父母出资支付首付款的,在没有特别说明的情况下,一般视为对夫妻双方的赠予,特别是登记为双方的名字的。如果是一方父母出全款只登记在出资方子女名下的,视为对出资一方子女个人的赠予进而认定为其的个人财产。应该说,这是主流观点。

因为房产的问题实在复杂,价值又巨大,所以司法实务中一直有多种意见,可能各地都会存在差异,这是我们要注意的。至于婚前或婚后双方父母共同出资,登记子夫妻双方名下的,一般会按照出资额按份共有。这是一般处理的原则。

06

离婚之债务承担

共同债务这一块,咱们国家的法律规定得并不详细,只有大的原则。婚姻法对共同债务的表述是:原为夫妻共同生活所负的债务,应当共同偿还。但有例外:夫妻一方能够证明债权人与债务人明确约定为个人债务。

夫妻对婚姻关系存续期间所得的财产约定归各自所有的,夫或妻一方对外所负的债务,第三人知道该约定的,以夫或妻一方所有的财产清偿。但是,现实生活中很少有借款或者对外签订合同的时候会说这是我个人的行为,与我的家庭与另一半没有关系,就算有,也大都是口头的,事后很难举证。

夫妻之间实行财产分别制(也就是我们说的AA制)的也不多,可能事实上是大家各花各的,但没有书面的约定。而且实行财产分别制的,也大都不会给朋友知道,或者将该约定作为对外发生债务的附件之一。就我们的经验来说,出现这两种例外情形的比较少见。

而婚姻法解释二第24条更是在理论和实务界引发很多争议。

这个24条总结起来就是:只要在夫妻关系存续期间对外负债就先按夫妻共同债务处理,除非你能证明他们有约定为个人债务,或者未用于家庭生活。但是根据我们的经验,要证明这一点非常之难。这样就造成我们很多人被负债的案例,特别是女方受害者非常多。

几年前,做过这样一个案例:男方经常到澳门赌博,对外借了很多钱,女方自己有收入而且娘家很有钱。在这种情况下,大量债权人同一时期起诉到法院,要求女方也承担这个还款责任。一审女方输了,但二审法院改判女方不用承担这个责任。但这样的案例有特殊性。

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