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婚姻中,你不可不知的七大法律知识

2017-06-05 13:06:04   

诉讼离婚就是一方到法院起诉离婚。法院判决离婚的标准是双方感情确实已经破裂。但如何判断感情破裂呢?这个往往双方当事人争议比较大,特别是一些故意拖着不离婚的。而且感情上的事情,确实也不好判断。从挽救婚姻家庭的角度出发,国家一审判离的比例比较低。

根据我们国家法律的规定,法院判断感情破裂一般有五种情形:

① 重婚或与他人同居的,这种情形重要的是证据,如果证据充分,法院一般会准许离婚。实践中很多找私家侦探什么的,这种证据的效力需要看具体情况。

② 实施家庭暴力或虐待、遗弃家庭成员的。需要大家要注意的是,这个家庭暴力必须是比较长时间的,而且程度比较严重,不能说推了你一下,或者抓破了一点皮,你就说是家庭暴力,这个法院一般不认可。虐待也是这样,一定是一个长期的行为。

③ 感情不和分居,认定感情破裂。感情不和分居二年甚至二十年,都不会自动离婚,这只是认定双方感情破裂的一种情形。感情不和分居是指能住一起,但双方或一方不愿意住在一起,这才是法律认定的情形。而不是因为工作等客观原因。

05

离婚之抚养权

抚养权争议,一般包括三种情况:

①男女双方都想要孩子的抚养权

②男女双方都不想要孩子的抚养权

③一方想要孩子的抚养权另一方不想要

实务中最常见的就是第一种,双方都要孩子。这个时候法院怎么判呢?总体上,法院处理抚养权会遵循“有利于子女身心健康,保障子女的合法权益”为原则和出发点。具体是:两周岁以下原则上判给母亲,两周岁至十周岁以有利于孩子成长为原则,十周岁以上征求孩子的意见。

这些都是些原则的规定。经常有咨询者问:我的收入比对方高,或者我的文化水平比对方高之类的,孩子是不是就一定判给我?

收入或者文化水平当然也是其中一种因素,但不是决定性因素,也不是唯一的因素。法院是在综合考虑的基础上来进行判断的,比如双方的工作性质是否有照顾孩子的时间,以往谁带孩子比较多,一方要工作的话是否有老人帮忙带,双方居住的环境,甚至双方的性格和家庭氛围都有可能进入法院考虑的范围。

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