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攀登世界角膜移植高峰——记浙大邵逸夫医院姚玉峰

2017-06-03 13:31:04   光明网

当姚玉峰出现在学校时,惊喜不已的老校长对着众人说了这么一句话:“派姚玉峰这样的人出国,值得!”

整个20世纪,世界角膜病专家都试图攻克那光明与黑暗的6微米。姚玉峰说:“我一定要无愧于学校的选派,为国争光!”

“使中国日趋于文明富强之境。”这是延续在一个半世纪中国留学史上的梦想。

回国一个月后,学校就让姚玉峰再回大阪大学继续读博士。

回到阪大,继续师从田野保雄,还有另外两位国际眼科界的泰斗,大桥裕一、井上幸次。

姚玉峰研究的课题是前房关联性免疫偏差对角膜移植排斥反应的影响。

1700年,有医师在埃及尝试角膜移植,失败了;140年后,爱尔兰医师将羚羊眼角膜移植到人的眼球上,也失败了。

1906年,德国医生第一次用人角膜进行移植,成功了。但是,发生了排异。

整个20世纪,世界角膜病专家都试图攻克排异反应这一难关。

1976年,美国角膜病权威理查德成功进行了上皮移植手术,向最后解决角膜移植顽症的目标逼近了一步。但结果遭到质疑:因为没有从理论上阐释上皮移植的机理,仅仅是假说,无法在临床上得到推广。

从此,证明理查德上皮移植机理又成为一道难题。

“一定要无愧学校的选派,为国家、为亲人争光!”姚玉峰在阪大的三年时间,不但证明了困惑世界眼科医学界16年的“理查德上皮移植假说”,而且独创制作了小鼠角膜上皮移植模型,终于揭开角膜移植排斥反应的精细机理。

凭借着勤劳和智慧,姚玉峰设计出术后不发生排斥反应的“姚氏法角膜移植术”。1995年5月20日,他成功地实施在病人身上。

角膜移植排斥反应——遮蔽了世界整整一个世纪的阴霾,被姚玉峰拨开了!

他继续攀登。

人类的角膜由上皮层、前弹力层、基质层、后弹力层、内皮层组成,厚度约0.5毫米。实验证明:排斥反应针对的是角膜最后一层的内皮,只有6微米厚。

理论的推导,让姚玉峰明白:只要把患者的6微米内皮层完整保留,逻辑上就不产生排斥反应。

怎样才能让这6微米不在手术中发生破损?

6微米,这是光明与黑暗之间的距离!

6微米,这是攻克角膜移植排异难题的制高点。

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