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交通部倡导共享单车免押金模式 建立失信惩戒机制

2017-05-23 11:01:05   

倡导“免押金”:推行“即租即押、即还即退”

“按照押金收取的标准为99元至299元不等估算,以1100万共享单车注册用户计算就意味着形成10亿元至30亿元量级规模的‘押金资金池’。”李俊慧说。

如果企业经营不善或挪用押金用于投资失败等,可能会给用户的押金安全造成巨大风险,导致出现不能退还的问题。对于“押金”问题,《征求意见稿》进行了相关界定。

《征求意见稿》提出,“鼓励互联网租赁自行车运营企业采用免押金方式提供租赁服务”,一方面,《征求意见稿》承认单车平台收取押金的合理性,另一方面,《征求意见稿》也倡导单车平台采取免押金方式提供服务。

对于收取押金的单车平台,《征求意见稿》提出,“在企业注册地开立用户押金专用账户,实施专款专用,接受监管,防控用户资金风险”,同时,对于预付资金的,也提出了类似要求。

对于押金的退还管理机制,《征求意见稿》则提出,积极推行“即租即押、即还即退”等模式。

李俊慧指出,《征求意见稿》对押金建立了较为完备的监管机制,有利于避免出现资金安全风险。

交通运输部科学研究院副主任吴洪洋,对现在部分共享单车已经与芝麻信用合作的免押金模式非常认可。

一年多的时间,以摩拜单车、ofo等为典型代表的数十家共享单车运营企业涌现,同时也成为资本追逐的热点。《征求意见稿》通过倡导的方式,对单车平台的服务标准、服务质量、信用评价等提出了明确要求。“这意味着单车平台须将重心放在经营和服务中,而不是将单车作为一种融资方式。”李俊慧说。

强化“失信惩戒”:鼓励建立信用信息共享联盟

新事物的成长从来都不是一帆风顺的。在享受共享单车带来便利的同时,随意停放、人为损坏、违反交通法规等现象引发思考。

此次《征求意见稿》明确,加强信用管理。加快互联网租赁自行车服务领域信用记录建设,建立企业和用户信用基础数据库,定期推送给全国信用信息共享平台。对企业和用户不文明行为和违法违规行为记入信用记录。加强企业服务质量和用户信用评价。鼓励企业组成信用信息共享联盟,对用户建立守信激励和失信惩戒机制。

事实上,不少地方已开始建立信用共享机制。

从5月15日起,南京实施共享单车信用共享机制,交警部门与8家共享单车企业建立共享单车用户的信用共享数据,一旦骑车人被列为交通违法失信人员,各品牌共享单车平台均对其停止注册、使用。同时,骑车人的车驾管业务也将停办,同时还纳入市民征信系统。

5月18日,国家发展改革委发言人孟玮透露,在信用信息共享方面,国家信息中心与摩拜、ofo等10家主要单车企业签署信用信息共享协议,通过加强信用信息共享、建立守信联合激励和失信联合惩戒机制,对严重违法失信者,限制使用共享单车,对信用状况良好的人,可以优先使用或者提供免押金等便利服务,从而构建起以信用为核心的共享单车规范发展体系。

采访中,专家们表示,此次《征求意见稿》对共享单车的监管和规范提出了新的要求,同时突出对共享单车这一新型服务模式的鼓励,强调共享单车“是城市绿色交通系统的组成部分,是方便公众短距离出行和公共交通接驳换乘的重要方式”,相信共享单车将在法治的轨道上迎来更美的春天。

(本报北京5月22日电 本报记者 冯蕾 杨雪丹)

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