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鲁哈尼连任伊朗总统 自古知兵非好战

2017-05-21 09:11:12   新华社

2005年8月,保守派总统艾哈迈迪-内贾德上台后,鲁哈尼被免除最高国家安全委员会秘书和伊朗首席核谈判代表职务。由于艾哈迈迪-内贾德政府在伊核问题上表现日趋强硬,并重启铀浓缩项目,伊朗与西方国家一度剑拔弩张,甚至逼近战争边缘。

【审慎的“政坛高人”】

卸任最高国家安全委员会秘书和伊朗首席核谈判代表后,鲁哈尼出任伊朗确定国家利益委员会下属的战略研究中心主任。8年间,鲁哈尼韬光养晦。

2013年6月,鲁哈尼在总统选举中一举获胜,同年8月宣誓就职。经过保守派政府的8年执政,伊核问题谈判没有进展,伊朗与西方国家关系紧张,长期的制裁也使伊朗国内经济困难重重。在竞选中高举“审慎和希望”旗帜的温和派政治家鲁哈尼让伊朗人眼前一亮。

外交上,鲁哈尼的“审慎”表现在谋求与西方关系的缓和。他提出“寻求与世界建立一种建设性关系”的新理念,向西方释放缓和信号。过去4年间,他始终致力于与国际社会展开对话,改善伊朗与西方大国的关系。2015年7月,伊朗与包括美国在内的伊核问题六国达成历史性的伊核协议。随着2016年1月伊核协议正式生效和执行,西方国家开始逐渐解除对伊相关制裁。鲁哈尼随后展开海外访问,签下了大批商业订单。伊朗迎来了相对宽松的国际环境。

在国内,鲁哈尼在抑制通胀、稳定汇率方面做出积极努力,使低迷的伊朗经济出现了一丝复苏的曙光。

鲁哈尼的这些执政成绩得到了伊朗民众的认可。由改革派和温和保守派组成的联盟在去年2月举行的议会选举中成功“逆袭”,一举打破了保守派长期垄断议会的局面。

如今,鲁哈尼赢得连任,再次证明了伊朗民众对他的认可和支持。不过,鲁哈尼未来执政仍然面临巨大的困难和挑战。过去4年中,伊朗经济尚未得到大幅改善,失业率仍然很高,备受期待的数十亿美元外国投资至今未能如期而至。同时,由于美国新总统特朗普明确反对伊核协议,鲁哈尼不仅备受国内保守派批评,而且未来处理伊美关系的难度也大为增加。

鲁哈尼在竞选中曾表示,他将在第二个总统任期内与国际社会继续“有建设性的互动”,如果最高领袖允许,他将着手准备解除“非核”领域制裁的谈判。在他看来,只有解除了“非核”领域制裁,伊朗经济才有可能得到彻底改善。正如他的同僚所说,鲁哈尼缓和与西方关系并不是抱着幻想,而是有一套切实的步骤。(王龙琴)(新华社专特稿)

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