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“候鸟式养老”绝不是说走就走的旅行

2017-05-11 08:16:24   

据统计,全国各地每年到海南三亚过冬的老年人超过40万。海南博鳌宝莲城一名物业人员日前接受本报记者采访时表示,这里的住户有七成是候鸟族,他们的居住周期大约在每年11月至次年4月。

警惕“候鸟式养老”掘金陷阱

“候鸟族”的日益壮大,促进了不少南方城市旅游休闲和养老经济的发展;然而,一些不良商家盯上了“候鸟族”,设下“陷阱”诓骗老人。老年人普遍有孤独、渴望关心、不想给小辈添麻烦等心理特点,有时就会被不法分子利用。

家住西安北郊的李大叔,几年前和老伴也成为“候鸟老人族”中的一员,老两口前两年冬天常在海南度过,并时不时在朋友圈里晒风景、晒美食,向大家“显摆”,可今年冬天却没“南迁”,问起原因,他向记者讲了自己“候鸟”猫冬时不愉快的经历。去年冬天,和老伴在海口猫冬的李大叔,瞒着子女参加了当地一个“候鸟式养老”项目,这个项目被称为“养身养老新模式,为天下子女分忧”。李大叔支付近10万元后却发现,自己被忽悠得不轻 。这家海口养老院所谓的“时权居住证”,并非预付的床位费,而只是“资格凭证”,相当于看病前的挂号费。要入住养老院,还要另外缴纳伙食费、护理费等。“这不等于我之前交的近10万元都打水漂了?”李大叔十分气愤地说。从海南回来后,他就和其他老人一起抱团维权。“所幸经多次奔波、多方协调、请律师诉讼,前几日我们拿到了退款。这样折腾下来,人已经累得精疲力尽,所以今年再没兴趣 南迁 ,就在西安过冬吧!”李大叔叹息着说。

“候鸟式养老”、“消费养老”等新兴养老模式,在一些不法分子操作下“偷换概念”,演变成了忽悠老人的伎俩。李大叔的律师张富俊提醒,老年人在大额消费前最好咨询亲友,以免财产受损。

“候鸟式养老”应因人而异

像候鸟一样跟随气候进行迁徙的生活方式虽然舒适、时尚,但却并非人人都适合,还需要根据自身条件和身体状况来决定。“想做候鸟族,老人们首先要考虑的是自己的身体状况。”北京市健宫医院副主任医师李东超在接受记者采访时表示,候鸟式养老更适合身体健康、适应能力和独立生活能力强的老年人。从医学角度分析,长期生活在北方的老年人,身体早已适应四季分明的气候环境,若故意躲避炎热的夏季和寒冷的冬季,可能打乱生物钟,反而对健康不利。

中医学认为,一年分为春、夏、长夏、秋、冬五季,变化规律可归纳为春温、夏热、长夏湿、秋燥、冬寒。在这样的气候变迁下,人体会产生春生、夏长、长夏化、秋收、冬藏的变化。中国中医科学院广安门医院主治医师储余光在接受记者采访时表示,选择候鸟式养老的人往往会让身体一直处于“夏”的状态,不仅越过了生、长、收的阶段,也没有冬藏的过程,其体内的“阳气”无法存储。此外,不少老年人在南方过冬时,因气候炎热而大量出汗,致使“阳气外泄”,出现心慌、气短、乏力等症状,甚至引发心脑血管疾病。此外,南方温暖的气候虽然比较适合患有气管炎、哮喘病的人,但却不适合患有痛风、风湿等疾病的人久居,因为海边空气潮湿,会加重他们的病情。此外,受医保限制,老年人在非常住地的就医也是一大难题。

除此之外,一些候鸟族还会在心理上产生孤独感。一位老年人告诉记者,候鸟式生活虽然可以追随舒适的气候,但生活圈子也随之缩小,以至于在外地偶尔遇到一个口音相近的人都觉着很亲切。专家表示,许多候鸟族因无法排解孤独感而产生巨大的心理压力,进而加重病情。

医生建议,老年人在选择候鸟式养老方式时须根据自身情况量力而行,若患有慢性疾病如糖尿病等,最好不要在南方过冬。此外,老年人出行之前应做全面体检,根据医生建议来决定是否前往,年龄偏大的老年人应在家人的陪同下前往且须备足常用药品。(稿源:综合《北方新报》、《西安日报》、《中国消费者报》)

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