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我军最强99式坦克战力威猛 正面防护世界第一

2014-09-10 15:20:11   国际在线

  原标题:我军最强坦克战力威猛

  坦克永远是地面演习中最引人注目的装备。在刚刚结束的“和平使命-2014”演习的电视画面中,中方的主要地面突击力量ZTZ-99A型三代改进型主战坦克(亦称99大改坦克)参加了此次演习。作为中国王牌军第38集团军的陆战王牌,ZTZ-99A型三代改进型主战坦克亮相国际性军演引起军迷的一片欢呼。

  动力强劲机动性好

  在过去的10年中,我国在火控、动力传动技术等方面取得了长足进步,大量的技术积累在最近实现了一个大爆发,99大改坦克就是技术取得全方位突破的结晶。

  99大改坦克是我军最新型装备,性能参数仍处于保密阶段,但我们可以从最新型外贸坦克的性能来进行观察。据新型外贸坦克总设计师冯益柏介绍,新型坦克的发动机可以把最大功率调高到1102.5千瓦,在发动机功率上99大改坦克终于实现与美国M1A2、德国豹2、法国勒克莱尔等西方第三代坦克一致,比最近在俄罗斯坦克两项比赛中大出风头的T-72B3M坦克高出近一半。

  比发动机更重要的是传动系统,99大改坦克采用液力变矩器可以更好地适应路况,具有更好的初始加速性能,液力制动器可以在最高速行驶时3秒左右停车,而液力-液压复合转向技术,则可以让99大改坦克实现无级精确转向。

  正面防护世界第一

  在动力方面提升后,99大改坦克的防护能力就有了升级基础,99大改采用了更大、更重的全新楔形炮塔。有照片显示,99大改坦克的炮塔正面楔形装甲,最大厚度超过1米,其防护能力之强已经不是之前各国主战坦克可以比拟的了。

  一般来说,第三代主战坦克的炮塔正面复合装甲块厚度在600毫米至750毫米左右,在99大改之前,防护最强悍的是美国M1A1系列和英国挑战者坦克,它们的炮塔正面装甲块厚度大约为700毫米。99大改直接将此数据增大1/4,如果采用相同复合装甲技术,这意味着99大改对长杆尾翼稳定穿甲弹的防御力已达到1000毫米均质钢装甲水平,这在人类坦克发展史上还是第一次。

  99大改的装甲大部分区域厚度都有1米左右,配合约束性复合装甲,对穿甲弹的防御力可以真正地达到1米左右。基本上,99大改在1500-2000米的正常交战距离上,可以免疫世界各国的所有穿甲弹。

  99大改坦克正面楔形装甲块上还安装了以陶瓷和高硬度钢板组成的附加装甲,单块装甲厚度超过100毫米,可以有效地增加正面防护能力,特别是对于反坦克火箭筒和反坦克导弹的前置战斗部有较好的防护效果。

  火力威猛傲视群雄

  坦克的火力首先要看火控系统,根据我国最新外贸坦克的情况,结合图片,基本可以肯定99大改坦克已将下反式炮长瞄准镜换成了上反式瞄准镜,车长瞄准具也升级为白光-热成像-激光三位一体的上反稳像瞄准镜。车长和炮长都有自己独立的热像仪,当前拥有这样配置的现役主战坦克只有美国的M1A2、法国的勒克莱尔、日本的10式与德国的豹2部分改进型。

  为了保持弹药通用性,99大改坦克的火炮系统与99式基本一致,只是为了提高俯角而加大了炮塔,这也是炮塔前部装甲呈楔形的重要原因。当前我国穿甲弹水平也达到了世界先进水平,新式125毫米穿甲弹弹芯长径比超过30∶1,并依靠125毫米炮的13.4升大型药室有极高的初速水平,其穿甲能力不弱于美国M829A2和德国DM53穿甲弹。另外,99大改坦克还保留了独有的激光压瞄系统,在与反坦克导弹的对抗中,增添了一种主动干扰手段。

  综上所述,99大改坦克在动力、火力、防护三大性能上都已达到世界一流,综合实力应该可以跻身世界前三,这是20年坚持不懈努力的结果。现在99大改坦克已开始批量装备各军区部队,相信数年之后,中国陆军在装备水平上将可与西方一流陆军相媲美。 (欣华)

(来源:环球网)

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