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新业态劳动者权益如何保障?专家:加大劳动监察力度

2017-05-13 08:36:15   检察日报

在涉及劳动争议的案件中,多数直播平台都主张“打赏”是主播薪酬的一部分。观众打赏主播的“礼物”“金币”是否属于主播薪酬的一部分?这部分所得是否需要缴纳个人所得税?

王亚男解释说,打赏其实就是给小费,是网友的一种赠予行为,即网友为表示感谢而赠予主播的一项额外收入。打赏没有凭条和收据,而且金额不大。据了解,我国目前还没有法律规定小费需要缴税。因此,打赏既然是网友的额外给付,就不应该算作主播的薪酬。

杨云霞介绍,根据财政部、国家税务总局2011年颁布的《关于企业促销展业赠送礼品有关个人所得税问题的通知》,企业向个人赠送礼品,按照“其他所得”全额适用20%的税率缴纳个人所得税。网络打赏行为获得的钱款如果明确是个人劳务报酬所得,则须按现行税法规定缴纳相关的劳务税费。目前我国的网络直播平台参差不齐,大多数网络平台都没有自己的财务系统,而且打赏获得的收入都直接走支付宝、微信,很难界定其收支是否属于个人或企业经营所得,也给税务监管带来了一定的难度。对于主播分成的那一部分,直播平台在给主播转账之前可以代扣个人所得税,让主播直接拿税后收入。除此之外,网络直播平台的税收管理规定也需要进一步完善。

如何破解快递员没有社保的难题

据媒体报道,目前我国100万多名快递员中,有过半数的人没有签订劳动合同,无法享受社保。如何破解这一难题?王亚男认为,目前破解这一难题还存在两大障碍:一是多数快递员缺乏法律意识,不了解自己应有的权益,很少主动去维权;二是劳动保障监察力量不足,基层监察执法人员缺乏,无法对用人单位不依法签订劳动合同、缴纳社保等行为进行有效监管。

除此之外,快递行业从业人员流动性比较大,其和用人单位之间难以建立长期合同关系,同时其也不愿意与用人单位签订劳动合同、缴纳相关社保费用。原因之一就是,绝大部分快递员来自农村,他们有的已经在老家参加了新型农村合作医疗保险和新型农村社会养老保险。杨云霞表示,社保全覆盖是今后发展的方向,现在需要逐步推进。在规范快递公司用工行为的同时,人社部门需要加大对基层快递网点的劳动监察力度。(安伟光)

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