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农民王力军的坎坷收粮路:无证收粮有罪变无罪

2017-02-18 04:31:00   

有网友认为,像王力军这样收购农产品的小二道贩小三道贩增多,会一步步拉高农产品的价格,应该制止这种行为。也有网友说:“个体收粮者的规模大了,可能会出现囤积居奇,不利于粮食的流通。”

还有另一种声音表示,在市场经济条件下,农民收购粮食转卖给粮库或加工厂,是为了追求“差价”,只要不违反契约,就属于正常的市场行为,以“非法经营罪”追究刑事责任的判罚过重。

网友“焕久久”认为:小规模收农产品,能够节省粮户的人力物力成本,毕竟不是每个农民家都有货车。有粮食加工机器,有时间把粮食处理了送到粮库去,收粮的人也是利己利他。

王力军的辩护律师王殿学认为,王力军在2014年至2015年无证经营玉米收购的行为,在当时违反了国家《粮食流通管理条例》的规定,但并没有扰乱粮食收购秩序,反而方便了粮农,所以不应该判其非法经营罪。

再审宣判:“撤销一审判决,改判无罪”

在王力军被判非法经营罪8个月以后,事情又出现了转机。2016年12月16日,最高人民法院作出(2016)最高法刑监6号再审决定书,指令由巴彦淖尔市中级人民法院对该市临河区人民法院一审判决生效的被告人王力军非法经营一案进行再审。

我国刑法第225条对非法经营行为做了明确规定:(一)未经许可经营法律、行政法规规定的专营、专卖物品或者其他限制买卖物品的;(二)买卖进出口许可证、进出口原产地证明以及其他法律、行政法规规定的经营许可证或者批准文件的;(三)未经国家有关主管部门批准非法经营证券、期货、保险业务的,或者非法从事资金支付结算业务的;(四)其他严重扰乱市场秩序的非法经营行为。

最高人民法院认为,刑法第225条第四项是在前三项规定明确列举的三类非法经营行为具体情形的基础上,规定的一个兜底性条款,在司法实践中适用该项规定应当特别慎重,相关行为需有法律、司法解释的明确规定,且要具备与前三项规定行为相当的社会危害性和刑事处罚必要性,严格避免将一般的行政违法行为当作刑事犯罪来处理。就本案而言,王力军从粮农处收购玉米卖予粮库,在粮农与粮库之间起了桥梁纽带作用,没有破坏粮食流通的主渠道,没有严重扰乱市场秩序,且不具有与刑法第225条规定的非法经营罪前三项行为相当的社会危害性,不具有刑事处罚的必要性。

2月17日,巴彦淖尔市中级人民法院对再审王力军非法经营案公开宣判。法院再审认为,原审被告人王力军于2014年11月至2015年1月期间,没有办理粮食收购许可证及工商营业执照买卖玉米的事实清楚,其行为违反了当时的国家粮食流通管理有关规定,但尚未达到严重扰乱市场秩序的危害程度,不具备与刑法第225条规定的非法经营罪相当的社会危害性和刑事处罚的必要性,不构成非法经营罪,依法撤销原审判决,改判王力军无罪。

听到审判长宣布“原审被告人王力军无罪”之后,王力军长舒了一口气。“心里的一块大石头终于落地了。”王力军说道,“我终于恢复了无罪农民的身份,以后为了家人的生活过得好一点、为了周边粮农卖粮方便,我准备再置办新机器开始收粮。”

当王力军再开始收购粮食的时候,他再也不用担心因为无证收粮被查处了。2016年9月,国家粮食局对《粮食收购资格审核管理办法》进行了修订,新办法规定“农民、粮食经纪人、农贸市场粮食交易者等从事粮食收购活动,无需办理粮食收购资格”。

“不应该制约粮食经纪人,他们也有利于保证粮食流通顺畅,他们越活,整个粮食市场才能越活。”内蒙古粮食局采购科的一位工作人员说道。

原标题:农民王力军的坎坷收粮路:无证收粮有罪变无罪

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