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媒体调查半永久染眉色料毒性 过半铅超标

2016-11-14 03:18:43   新京报

为何化妆品中会出现这些重金属?南京大学化学化工学院副教授赵斌介绍,铅、汞等因子添加到化妆品中,主要是因为其可以抑制皮肤中黑色素的生成,具有美白功能。而宣武医院皮肤科主治医师常晓介绍,所谓的半永久的染眉、染眼线,原理是通过在皮肤表面造成一些小伤口,并在其中涂抹染料,达到令其沉积以补充颜色的作用。为了将染色的状态相对持久地保持,一些厂家会添加比较难以吸收的离子,如汞、镉、铅等,用以给色料固色,除了染眉染料外,一些染发剂中也会出现类似的成分。

2、此类重金属对人体有何危害?

据报道,女性对于铅的毒性作用更为敏感,且围产期的妇女体内的铅可以通过胎盘、乳汁危害到胎儿、婴幼儿的健康。

对于同样被频繁曝光超标的汞,常晓介绍,汞能够影响造血系统,如果人体吸收量过大,将造成皮肤局部的炎症、敏感,若患者体质敏感,还可能在局部出现糜烂、水肿,在皮肤外观上造成影响。此外据报道,人体长期接触汞还可导致中枢神经系统损伤,患者大多会出现不同程度的神经衰弱症状,严重者可以合并性格改变、口腔炎和双手震颤等症状,甚至导致汞中毒性肾病综合症。对于处于围产期的女性来说,由于汞能够穿透胎盘屏障,并存在于乳汁中,会给胎儿或婴幼儿带来不利影响。

■ 实验

实验室:北京市理化分析测试中心实验室

测试方法:电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法

测试标准:《化妆品卫生规范》(2007年版)《化妆品安全技术规范》(2015年版)《进出口化妆品中铅、镉、砷、汞、锑、铬、镍、钡、锶含量的测定电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法》

主要实验步骤:

●消解样品:5份样品分别称取0.5g,置于微波消解内罐,添加5mL硝酸、2mL过氧化氢,使样品充分浸润,浸泡过夜。将其置于微波消解系统进行消解,待消解罐充分冷却至室温,开盖进行样品转移,使用少量纯水多次冲洗消解罐及盖子的内壁,并将冲洗液一并转移至25mL塑料容量瓶,定容至刻度,混匀。

●制备标准溶液系列、绘制标准曲线:分别将系列标准溶液导入调至最佳条件的仪器雾化系统中进行测定,同时在线加入内标。以待测元素的浓度为横坐标,经内标元素矫正后的元素强度为纵坐标绘制标准曲线。

●样品测定:在线加入混合内标,测定试样溶液中待测元素强度,计算其含量。

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