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近亲结婚生下的孩子竟长这样

2016-08-27 10:57:12   光明网

可以说,近亲结婚是某些遗传病发生和延续的“土壤”,如一种叫肝豆核变性的遗传病,一般夫妻的后代患病率仅为四百万分之一,而在表兄妹结婚的后代中,竟高达1/64。

先天性残疾的发生率增加

患先天性遗传病的人,其父母为近亲结婚的比率占37.5%。近亲婚配所生婴儿的先天性残疾患病率为41.6%。

近亲结婚不仅常染色体隐性遗传病的发病率高,多基因遗传病的发病率也高,如精神分裂症、先天性心脏病、神经管畸形等。

体弱儿、弱智儿的发病率增加

近亲结婚所生子女中,体弱儿、弱智儿的发病率及新生儿、乳幼儿的死亡率均比非近亲结婚者高1—2倍。

一些遗传病在近亲结婚和非近亲结婚中的比例是:先天性鱼鳞症为62.7:1,少年黑朦性痴呆为36.6:1,先天性全色盲为18.4:1。

人们从无数事实中认识到血缘关系近的男女结婚,后代死亡率高,常出现痴呆、畸形和遗传病。这是因为近亲结婚的夫妇,从共同祖先那里获得了较多的相同基因。

很容易使对后代生存不利的有害基因相遇和集体(遗传学上叫做纯合),从而加重了有害基因对子代的危害程度,所以容易出生素质低劣的孩子。

简单地说,我们每个人的身体中都携带着很多致病基因,这些基因都是隐性的,只有当夫妻二人同时携带这种隐形致病基因才会发病,而这些致病基因往往是有遗传性的,当夫妻是近亲的时候,携带相同隐性基因的几率会大大增加。

因此导致下一代发病率提高。近亲结婚使隐性遗传病发病的机会增高,如白化病、先天性聋哑;小脑畸形、苯丙酮尿症、半乳糖血症等。

还可以使多基因遗传病发病率增高,常见的有脑积水、脊柱裂、无脑儿、精神分裂症、先天性心脏病、癫痫等。

带你正确认识婚前体检

五大好处你不得不知

在很多准备结婚的新人都有一定的健康意识,他们甚至会进行婚前体检,也算是保障婚后的夫妻生活和生育问题。那么,婚前体检到底有多重要呢?给人们会带来哪些好处呢?

1、有利于身体健康

婚前通过全面系统的身体检查,可以对自己的身体状况有个科学的了解,也可以发现是否患有不适宜立即结婚成亲的疾病,如急性肝炎、活动性肺结核等,若有可待疾病痊愈后再结婚成亲。

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