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胚胎冷冻18年 女宝宝安然出生

2016-06-30 09:13:37   解放日报

(记者顾泳)3天前,45岁的黄琼女士(化名)在江苏顺利诞下一名女婴,婴儿重3300克,身体指标一切正常。

这不是普通的新生儿,当她还是胚胎时,曾在复旦大学附属妇产科医院上海集爱遗传与不育诊疗中心(简称“集爱中心”)安静地“沉睡”了18年。直至去年11月初,集爱中心医生陈华“唤醒”胚胎,并成功移植到母亲子宫内。

18年冷冻胚胎成功受孕,集爱中心创造了我国胚胎冷冻时间最长纪录,新生女婴也成为我国最“抗冻”宝宝。

1998年,黄琼夫妇曾因输卵管堵塞,在集爱中心接受辅助生殖治疗。1次新鲜胚胎移植、2次冷冻胚胎移植失败后,黄琼没了信心,“当时工作繁忙,我们想等等再说吧。”这一等,就是18年。

去年,一次偶然机会,黄琼得知朋友在陈华治疗下,喜得双胞胎。她再次心动,“我还有冻胚在集爱,再来试试吧!”陈华发现,黄琼之前的3次移植,都存在输卵管积水和子宫内膜薄问题。

经检查,患者内膜依旧很薄、输卵管严重积水,并伴有子宫肌瘤,陈华建议患者切除输卵管。“胚胎冷冻了18年,万一复苏后停止生长,输卵管不是白切除了?”但黄琼的态度却很坚决:“18年前医生建议我切除,我就犹豫不决,也许这就是三次移植失败的原因。”

复旦大学附属妇产科医院主任医师陈晓军亲自主刀,在腹腔镜下为患者切除大量积水的输卵管,剔除子宫肌瘤,同时用宫腔镜排除宫腔问题。手术成功后,黄琼开始了近一年的冷冻胚胎复苏移植周期。

陈华为黄琼制定了个性化治疗方案,胚胎顺利移植。当患者回到集爱中心检测人绒毛膜促性腺激素(hcg)血值时,她被告知怀上了。终圆母亲梦的黄琼顺利诞下婴儿后,紧紧抱住陈华医生:“谢谢您,给了我宝宝,创造了奇迹!”

集爱中心副院长孙晓溪表示,18年前,胚胎玻璃化冷冻技术还未运用于中国辅助生殖领域,胚胎冷冻大多采用程序化慢冻技术,胚胎解冻后存活率约为80%。当时,妊娠成功率平均仅为30%左右。如今,胚胎玻璃化冷冻技术愈发成熟,仅去年,中心冷冻胚胎解冻后移植率高约99.5%,移植后临床妊娠率约为43.4%。

名词解释

冷冻胚胎保存期限

冷冻胚胎技术,是将胚胎置于零下196℃的液氮中。在这样的环境下,胚胎里的细胞生命几乎完全静止、却并未中断。冷冻胚胎可使其得到长时间保存,通过移植复苏胚胎获得妊娠。

目前,我国尚未出台冷冻胚胎保存期限的相应法律法规。国际上多个国家冷冻胚胎保存期限为5至10年。

2013年,原上海市卫生局发布通知建议:由于长期冻存胚胎可能带来生育风险以及社会伦理问题,按国际通行原则,冻存胚胎临床使用时间一般控制在5年内。

责任编辑:周晶晶 CN032
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