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女子玩手机被怒斥 今天你被电磁波伤害了吗?

2016-06-04 17:59:14   千华网

电磁辐射超标报警器(具有一定频率响应范围),可以测出一定频率范围的电磁波的强度,只要超过该频率规定的电磁辐射强度标准就会发出警讯,使用者就应远离被测物直至警讯消失为止(警讯消失的位置与电磁波发射设施设备的的距离可以视为安全距离)。

电磁波防护的三大原则:距离防护(与电磁波发射设施设备保持一个相对安全的距离)、时间防护(不在电磁波发射设施设备开启时进入安全的距离内)、屏蔽防护(依靠屏蔽设施电磁波的影响)。依靠三大原则可以有效的降低或避免生活中常见的电磁波的影响。

家中常用的电器也有不同的防范办法。目前主流的电视、电脑显示器已经全部采用液晶显示本身产生的电磁波能级很低,在使用时与人体已经保持有一定距离无需另行采取防护措施;而老式的显像管电视和显示器应当设置至少1至2米的安全距离。手机是目前我们生活中常用的设备,拨打和接听手机时,而应该用手持或放置于距离人体五十公分处,尽量采用耳机或免提方式接听。电磁炉和微波炉在开始使用时应尽量远离(至少大于1米)。电热毯在完成加热后应当关闭后方可上床睡觉,切忌不可长期在通电开启的电热毯上逗留。目前常用的WIFI设备开启时距离人体1米以上即可。收音机由于工作原理,只接收有用的电磁波,并不向外发射有用的电磁波,而且自身原件和电路产生的电磁波能级很小,故无需特别设定安全距离。吹风机等依靠电机驱动的小家电,因使用时间较短,也无需特别设定安全距离。对于在寒冷天气下使用的电加热的家电(如取暖器)应当设置0.5米以上的安全使用距离,避免烫伤和电磁辐射。

购买住宅则在远离室外高压变电站进出线侧(电压等级在35kV及以下的变电站除外;室内型变电站和地下变电站除外),高压架空线路(电压等级在35kV及以下的的架空线路除外;地下电缆除外),天线极化方式为垂直极化且主要靠地波传播的塔台(例如中波台),或与建筑物高差相对较小的广播电视塔台(与建筑物高差大的广播电视塔台下方为信号盲区)。

降低电磁波的不良影响,就必须养成自我防范的习惯。一般电器行都有贩售“电磁波测试笔”,可以轻易测出电磁波的强度,只要超过标准就会发出警讯,使用者就应远离被测物直至警讯消失为止。

要测知电气产品是否有辐射或电磁波,也可以采取比较简便的方式,就是利用家用、小型可接收AM(调幅)频道的收音机,打开后将频道调在没有广播的地方,并且靠近所要测量的电视、冰箱、微波炉或电脑等家电用品,如果发现收音机所传出的噪音突然变大,说明该电器周围有较强的电磁辐射。走出一段距离后,噪声就会恢复原来较小的噪音量;如此即可测出“安全”距离来。

不同的电器也有不同的防范办法,像电脑用过最好只关荧幕不关机,电脑荧幕改换成液晶荧幕;接听手机时,手机最好不要放在腰间或裤子口袋中,而应该用手持或放置于距离人体五十公分处;购买住宅则在远离变电设备及基地台设置地点。

1993年瑞典北欧三国研究调查公布,受到2mG以上电磁辐射影响,罹患白血病的机会是正常人的2.1倍,罹患脑肿疡的机会是正常人的1.5倍,以上资料摘自日本1996年3月出版SAPIO杂志。

责任编辑:孙启浩 cn037
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