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魏则西事件追踪:斯坦福大学未与中方医院合作

2016-05-04 09:41:57   新华时报

滑膜肉瘤的好发部位包括肢体、躯干、腹膜后等部位。

北京大学肿瘤医院软组织和腹膜后肿瘤中心主任郝纯毅表示,滑膜肉瘤和“癌”属于不同起源的两大类型恶性肿瘤。其中,发生于软组织的叫做肉瘤,它和癌的发病率、治疗方式和治疗效果等都不尽相同。发病率在十万分之一以下,属于罕见病,在临床上并不多见。

而据宣武医院胃肠胰腺外科副主任医师李昂介绍,滑膜肉瘤在发病前没有特别症状。但长在四肢的肿物可以作为首发的表现,另外会伴随肿瘤的部分肿痛、转移。

2主要存在哪些治疗方式?

钱红纲表示,滑膜肉瘤主要的治疗方式有手术和化疗。预期生存时间主要和患者的基因分型、年龄、肿瘤大小及侵犯范围等因素有关。如果是早期病变,生存期可以大于10年,而一旦转移,根据欧洲EORTC的数据,生存期仅在15个月左右。

“需要指出的是,魏则西具体的病情公开的内容很少,不足以判断并给出适合的治疗选择,更无法根据现有的数据贸然预测其生存时间。”钱红钢表示,但是有一点可以确定,青少年恶性肿瘤引发的悲剧并非个案。

而据李昂介绍,滑膜肉瘤被称为“临终肿瘤”,是一种恶性程度比较高的肿瘤,通常情况下,治疗这种肿瘤会尝试用一些手术,辅助一些化疗、放疗,但是有效率比较低。

李昂表示,因为魏则西的具体病情公开的内容很少,但是常规的就是会做手术再辅助一些化疗、放疗。如果这些效果不太好,可能会尝试一些免疫疗法。

3DC-CIK是怎样一种治疗?

钱红纲表示,DC-CIK是一种免疫治疗。通过体外大量扩增免疫细胞,回输患者体内对抗肿瘤。其中CIK细胞是警察,DC细胞是猎犬,帮助警察找到坏人。

“这一技术10余年前就已经出现,但是一直没有在肿瘤领域广泛应用,在医学专业文献检索网站上能查到的文章只有105篇(P″b““d搜索引擎总共可检索文献在2600万篇以上),可见其效果的局限性。”

钱红纲说,近年来随着PD1及CART等新技术的出现,免疫治疗肿瘤重新火爆起来,“新瓶装旧酒”的一些老技术也迎来了“第二春”。然而由于缺乏大宗的随机对照研究,此类技术对于滑膜肉瘤的治疗效果尚无法评价。

而据李昂介绍,“化疗、放疗在临床上来说对滑膜肉瘤是有效果的,而DC-CIK疗法基本上无效。”

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