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4岁男孩抽血呈现乳白色 被诊断为白血病

2016-03-11 14:04:17   中国新闻网

  正常血液(左)和不同疾病血液样本。

血液颜色吐露身体讯号

从血液的颜色,可以初步判断是哪一种血液疾病,也就是说,血液颜色的改变常是人体发出警报的标识之一。新桥医院血液科实验室主任彭贤贵说,就拿抽取的静脉血举例,如果正常人的血液颜色比作拿铁咖啡,那白细胞增多的白血病患者的血液就可以用卡布奇诺来形容,上下层分布很明显,上层液体呈厚厚的白色浑浊状。还有一种,叫做真红性白细胞增多症,也是血液病的一种,它呈现的状态则类似意式浓咖啡,因为红细胞数量增多,呈深棕色。

身体出现问题后,血液呈现的颜色还不仅于此。在新桥医院检验科,各种颜色的血液样本,都表明主人患有不同疾病。检验科副主任项贵明解释,一般来说,人的血液颜色主要由血红蛋白决定,动脉血富含氧气,氧和血红蛋白多,颜色鲜红;静脉血含氧少,还原血红蛋白多,颜色暗红,有时接近于黑色。若去医院抽血,抽出的血液还出现白色、粉红色、樱桃红色,黄褐色等颜色,就可能是患有某种疾病了,需要做进一步检查。

不同血色预警身体不同部位

项贵明列举了几种常见的异常色血样。“白色血”多为“乳糜血”标本,是血液中血脂过多造成的,也俗称“牛奶血”,严重的会导致急性胰腺炎、胆石症、脂肪肝、冠心病、脑中风、肾功能不全等疾病,还有少部分是属于白血病患者的白细胞超高而导致;“黄褐色血”,多为黄疸患者血液标本,因血液中总胆红素浓度增高导致;“粉红色血”,则是重症贫血时,血红蛋白过少,呈现的一种稀薄颜色;“樱桃红色血”,表明一氧化碳中毒的病人,血红蛋白转化为碳氧血红蛋白,呈樱桃红色等。

还有一类血,叫油血,即上面是脂肪下面是血,这种血在各大医院的检验科出现得越来越多,以“三高”、肥胖人群居多,也被称为“高脂血症”,这与人们的饮食结构密切相关,喜欢吃猪肉、动物内脏、肥肠等高脂高蛋白的人,最容易患“高脂血症”。

本报记者王珊

责任编辑:柯旺 CN044
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