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专家:北京积分落户落地后达标人数每年不超万人

2016-01-23 15:34:40   中新网

我建议建立一个统一的人口基础数据,统一社会信用代码制度,能够联享、联评、联奖、联惩、联发。根据积分落户制度导向,要加大远郊区公共服务基础设施建设。

预期每年积分落户不超过1万人

法晚:居住证是否将取代暂住证?

李:居住证取代暂住证是必然趋势,也是户籍增量与户籍存量对接的问题,一些细则出台还需时日。各部门之间在共同作用于同一新事物的条块关系、职责分工等,还有待明确。所以,暂住证这类户籍存量的取消在北京还需时日。

法晚:如何理解不得超过45岁这个落户年龄线?

李:这一指标主要看常住外来人口的年龄构成情况。有学者对上海市从2013年7月1日至2014年3月31日办理居住证积分手续的人员进行抽样调查,结果显示,目前正在申请居住积分的受访者中,年龄在40岁以下的占近95%。

另外,我对2014年国家卫生计生委流动人口动态监测抽样调查数据分析后得出,70后、80后、90后三者合计占常住外来人口的88.8%。

这样看来,北京规定的落户年龄不得超过45岁是科学合理的。

法晚:每年开放多少个落户指标合理?

李:到2020年北京人口总量不能超过2300万,按照2015年常住人口2170万计算,十三五期间,北京每年新增常住人口不能超过26万人。

首先要扣除每年北京户籍自然增长人口,考虑到二孩政策,未来每年大约新增8万人左右。在剩下的18万中,通过毕业落户、投靠落户、调干或调工等途径,每年审批的户口指标数大概在10万左右。

需要强调的是,2020年的人口调控目标是常住人口。那么在剩余的8万中,预期或达标留京的比例很小,每年估计不超过1万人。

人才、单位集体户改革处滞后状态

法晚:居住证制度和积分落户制实施时该注意哪些问题?

李:要注意处理好户籍增量改革创新与户籍存量改革之间的关系。

实际上,除了上述提到的暂住证,还有北京市工作居住证、人才集体户、单位集体户等户籍制度,我称之为户籍存量,这些户籍存量的改革工作还处于滞后状态,还没有被提上工作议程。

但是,户籍制度的改革需要全面的深化改革,既要改革创新以居住证积分制度为主的“户籍增量”,也要改革掉那些不适合经济社会发展需要的“户籍存量”,这有利于实现户籍增量与户籍存量的有效对接,一定要处理好,否则改革就是一碗夹生饭。

法晚:应由哪个职能部门承接积分落户审批工作?

李:我国的户籍制度方面的管理一直是由公安机关负责,国家和北京市也都较为清楚地规定了相关部门的职责。

例如,公安机关负责居住证申领受理、制作、发放、签注等证件管理工作,人力资源社会保障、工商、住房和城乡建设、教育等部门配合公安机关,根据各自职分别负责稳定就业、稳定住所、连续就读等相关证明的审核工作。

发展改革、经济信息化、财政、民政、卫计、交通、司法行政等部门应当按照各自职责,做好与居住证制度相关的服务管理工作。

责任编辑:张晓伟 CN042、孙启浩 cn037
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