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中国儿科医生缺口至少20万 家属辱骂动手是常事

2015-09-18 08:20:14   中国新闻网

压力大,风险也高。儿科被称为“哑科”,患儿表达能力较差,诊疗难度大。儿科用药的风险也比成人高,细微的差别会在肌体里产生明显的变化。

高强度的工作不仅让医生身心俱疲,甚至会影响到家庭关系,曾经有一位医生自己的孩子发烧,她给孩子吃了退烧药就匆匆赶来上班了,可孩子的奶奶十分焦急,抱着孩子到儿童医院挂门诊。不仅孩子难受,婆媳关系也受影响。

儿科医生越是紧缺,工作压力就越大,在待遇得不到改善的前提下,只会有更少的人从事儿科医生行业,由此形成一个恶性循环。“我们同学没几个想当儿科医生,又苦又累,收入还低。”去年刚毕业的医学生曹川和他的同学没有一个人愿意去儿科。

儿科收入低,与现行的医疗收费体系有关。北京儿童医院物价办公室吕锐介绍,儿科手术的精细度要求非常高,医生需要花费更多的时间和精力来完成,但目前医疗收费价格儿科与成人定价并无差异,只考虑了物的消耗并没有考虑人力成本,更没有考虑儿科的特殊性。

从成本考虑,成人某项手术只需准备一套手术器械就够了,而儿科会按不同的年龄段至少准备3至4套。单台核磁共振机成人医院一天可做20人次,而儿童医院只能做10人次。而此类大型设备报废的年限是相同的,相比成人医院,儿童医院使用率低、成本高。儿科特有的收费项目,如新生儿换血术才200元一次,却需要5—6个医生持续7—8个小时方可完成,医生的劳务价值远不如一根导管的费用。

收入低招不到人,即使是提高收入,不少医生也不愿意干儿科。曾经有一名医生想来北京儿童医院急诊科上班,本是板上钉钉的事儿,结果这名医生实地考察后,就给当时的急诊科副主任高恒妙打电话说:“就这劳动环境和工作强度,给10万一个月我也不愿意干!”

加分仅解决了门槛问题,关键要留住人

今年7月,卫计委发布通知,要求自2015年起,在医师资格考试中,对儿科和院前急救岗位从业人员,开展加试相关专业内容的加分考试。

这项政策一出台就引起了广泛争议。一位专家坚决反对:儿科医生准入门槛降低了,导致“差生”流入儿科,儿科医生的水平能保证吗?

北京儿童医院院长倪鑫说:“对儿科医生的加分政策,仅仅是一个特殊阶段的需求所催生的所谓诱惑性的政策而已,对增加儿科医生不一定会有明显的效果,因为这是‘一条链’而不是‘一步’的问题。

要解决儿科医生短缺的问题,第一要开源,例如加分、恢复儿科系,但这解决的仅仅是门槛问题,进去了能不能留住才是最重要的问题。

“儿科医生也是人,如果连他的基本生活都保障不了,还有什么资格要求他留在这个岗位上?”倪鑫说。

倪鑫表示,儿科的薪资待遇问题是核心问题,医院的发展、文化建设、科研水平也是儿科医生成长的重要外部环境。要解决儿科医生的薪资待遇问题,第一要加大资金的支持力度,给予儿科医生特殊政策,以提高薪资水平。第二,要进一步完善儿科的医疗收费体系,重新计算儿科的人员成本、处置费用成本,提高服务性收费,降低药品加成,形成更合理的医疗价格体系。

中国医师协会儿科医师分会会长朱宗涵建议,首先应恢复儿科学专业招生,同时增加医院儿科医师的编制规模,从根本上解决儿科后备医师来源的问题。

专家指出,应鼓励社会资本参与儿科医院建设,增加供给,同时让多点执业的医生收入得到补偿。有关部门在深化医改的过程中,让优质医疗资源下沉,实现城乡卫生资源的均等化,才能实现每个儿童病有所医。王君平黄蓓

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