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鄱阳湖遭毁灭式捕螺 执法人员不知是否违法

2015-07-27 18:43:29   

近期,有媒体曝出鄱阳湖毁灭式捕螺,给湖区生态造成严重破坏。记者调查发现,疯狂捕螺的背后,有利益的驱动,但更暴露出渔民和基层执法部门的困惑。当渔民和执法人员都不确定这种捕螺方式是否违法时,打击整治也就无从谈起。

渔民:鄱阳湖的螺蛳到底能不能捕?

在媒体曝光鄱阳湖毁灭式捕螺事件后,7月22日,记者来到都昌县水文站附近水域,看到旁边的湖叉内停了五六条捕螺船,并且还有捕螺船陆陆续续从湖区回来。

据捕螺渔民介绍,他们都是一大早驾船出湖,下午三四点载着捕捞的螺蛳到码头卸货,然后由货车运往江浙等地销售。

今年48岁的张顺春来自临近的鄱阳县莲湖乡,他的捕螺船也停靠在湖叉内。刚刚卖完螺蛳的张顺春告诉记者,他在鄱阳湖从事捕鱼10多年,2011年,他发现身边的人捕捞螺蛳更赚钱,便加入了捕螺的队伍。

记者了解到,以前鄱阳湖上捕螺采用吸螺船,属明令禁止的非法渔具,经打击后明显减少。但近两年来,鄱阳湖上出现了一种新型机械耙网捕螺船,其船尾装有一个高高的支架和柴油发动机,通过发动机拖动网具捕螺。

去年年底,张顺春也花七八万块钱购置了一条这样的捕螺船。他说,鄱阳湖结束禁渔期1个多月来,他在湖区用这种船捕螺很少碰到过渔政部门的执法检查。

“我们也不知道这样的船能不能用,没有人告诉我们。”张顺春还疑惑地问记者,“鄱阳湖的螺蛳到底能不能捕?”

执法人员:我们也不确定这是否违法

捕捞螺蛳的渔民“稀里糊涂”,渔政执法人员也“心里没底”。

都昌县渔政局资源环境股股长詹定鹂介绍,鄱阳湖禁渔期内禁止所有捕捞作业,在此期间捕螺属非法,可名正言顺地打击。禁渔期结束后,渔民可以下湖从事捕捞作业,但不能使用非法渔具。

记者查阅《江西省渔业条例》发现,其中明确提出,“在天然水域禁止使用定置网、机动底拖网、拦河网、吸螺(蚌、蚬)、迷魂阵等渔具、捕捞方法捕捞”。

然而对这种新型的机械耙网捕螺船是否属于非法渔具,渔政人员也不清楚。

詹定鹂介绍,鄱阳湖禁渔期间,他们对于非法捕螺开展了专项行动。禁渔期结束后,鄱阳湖捕螺船明显增多,其中仅在都昌水域停靠和捕螺的捕螺船估计就有七八百条。

“但因目前带机械耙网的捕螺船未被渔政部门认定为非法渔具,我们也不好对此展开执法。”詹定鹂说。

有专家认为,这种机械耙网是一种机动底拖网,属明令禁止的非法渔具。但记者就此致电江西省渔政部门,相关负责人表示,由于没有明确的法律解释,对机动底拖网也没有明确界定,“我们也不确定这是否违法。”。

专家:对生态造成的破坏是显而易见的

专家表示,虽然捕螺在执法上遭遇尴尬,但其对鄱阳湖生态造成的破坏却是显而易见的。当前,相关部门亟须完善相关法律法规,加大对这种毁灭性捕捞的打击力度。

长期关注鄱阳湖问题的江西省科学院鄱阳湖研究中心副主任戴年华表示,这种机械耙网捕螺船在作业时会把湖底的泥浆都搅动起来,而很多鱼类在湖底产卵,泥浆被搅动后,这些鱼卵就很难存活了,一些水生植物也会遭到严重破坏。“对生态造成的破坏是显而易见的。”

“同时,螺蛳虽小,但却是鄱阳湖生态系统中不可或缺的一环,它可以净化水质,同时还是很多鱼类和候鸟的食物来源。如果螺蛳等水生物数量锐减,鄱阳湖的生物平衡就会被破坏。”戴年华说。

詹定鹂说,希望有关部门能尽快出台相关规定,将机械耙网捕螺船列为非法渔具,这样基层渔政执法才有法可依。同时可成立由水上公安、渔政、水利、野保、环保等部门联合组成的专项执法组,统一协调鄱阳湖各县(市、区)的执法工作,加大打击非法捕捞的力度。(完)

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