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马克龙公开信 蕴含哪些重要信息?

2019-01-15 16:09:01   新华网 

新华社巴黎1月14日电 新闻分析:马克龙公开信蕴含的三个关键讯息

新华社记者韩冰

法国总统马克龙13日晚发布一封致法国全体民众的公开信,拉开了将持续两个月之久的法国全国大辩论的帷幕。在“黄马甲”示威持续发酵、马克龙改革受到重创的背景下,这一公开信蕴含的三个关键讯息值得关注。

关键讯息之一,提出全国大辩论的主要议题。2018年12月,马克龙为平息“黄马甲”示威者们的不满,提议开展全国大辩论,以建立新的“国家契约”。在13日发布的公开信中,马克龙针对当前法国人的关切,提出四方面议题:税务和财政支出、公共机构改革、能源转型以及公民身份和民主建设。

在四大议题框架下,马克龙提出30多个更具体的问题。比如围绕税务问题,提出“如何让我们的税务更加公正和有效?你们认为哪些税应该优先降低?”;围绕公共机构改革,提出“中央和地方政府怎样能够更好地解决那些最困难地区面临的问题?现行的行政区划体系是否过于复杂?”等等。

马克龙还特别强调,此次全国辩论没有禁区,什么议题都可以讨论,他希望所有民众,不分年龄和社会阶层,都参与到辩论中来。

关键讯息之二,表达风格变得亲切平和。马克龙自2017年就任法国总统以来,表达风格一向具有直率、坚定的鲜明特点,他的直言无忌在法国多次引起争议。这种表达风格的设计固然是为展现他的改革决心,但另一方面也给不少中下阶层民众留下“傲慢”“高高在上”的印象,引发民众对他的不满和质疑。

此次发布的公开信则言辞恳切,不仅提出了法国人最为关切的问题,更注意在阐释道理时心平气和,遣词造句明畅易懂,对于失业等敏感的民生问题,选择用比较委婉的方式表达。分析人士认为,这是马克龙就任以来发表的亲民风格最为浓厚的一次公开言论,体现出经历了“黄马甲”之痛的马克龙在努力重塑自我,重挽法国民众对改革的信任。

此外,马克龙特地将此封公开信通过推特、脸书等社交媒体平台发表,也体现出他更加重视网络“舆论场”的力量,重视吸引那些活跃于网络上、游离于传统主流媒体之外的受众。

关键讯息之三,设置行为底线、坚定改革决心。针对日前“黄马甲”示威期间暴力行为屡屡发生的问题,马克龙在公开信中表示,问题需要解决,但不接受任何形式的暴力行为,不接受对公务人员、政府机关、媒体记者的逼迫和侮辱。“如果所有人都互相侵犯,社会将会解体!”

马克龙明确表示,一方面他不会取消已经采取的一些旨在鼓励投资的措施,另一方面他将努力把人们的怒火转化为解决方案。

马克龙的公开信在法国引起广泛关注。记者在社交媒体平台上看到,尽管不少网民依然表示不信任马克龙,但支持和鼓励马克龙的声音同样为数众多。公开信为马克龙争取支持的作用已经初显。

当然,法国社会中下阶层和精英阶层的隔阂并非一封信就可以冰释。正如法国民调公司法国舆论研究所负责人热罗姆·富尔凯日前在接受媒体采访时所指出的,“黄马甲”运动反映出法国社会如今已经类似“千层饼”,高层的人不理解下层人的诉求,下层的人不信任高层的声音。由此看来,要想打破阶层隔阂、凝聚社会共识,马克龙依然任重道远。

责任编辑:崔凤璇 CN072
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