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强行拦高铁危害有多大?让数据来说话

2018-01-13 00:00:24   中国新闻网

强行拦高铁危害有多大?让数据来说话  

新华社上海1月12日电(记者贾远琨)近期,合肥、宝鸡、南京等地陆续曝出旅客扒门拦高铁、打电话让高铁等自己等事件。事发现场的视频和录音资料显示,涉事旅客不仅没有认识到自己的过错,反而振振有词,对于铁路部门和同车旅客没有丝毫歉意。强行拦高铁到底危害有多大?且看专家和铁路部门,用数据分析来解释。

列车准点率以秒计

1月5日,在由蚌埠南开往广州南站的G1747次列车停站时,一名带着孩子的妇女罗某以等老公为名,用身体强行阻挡车门关闭。铁路工作人员和乘客多次劝解,该女子仍强行扒阻车门,造成该列车晚点。该女子不断反问:“我这样做有错吗?”

同济大学教授孙章介绍,高铁的运行速度快、发车效率高,管理也更加精细化,准点率是以秒计算的,过路车站的停靠时间往往只有2至3分钟,这要求铁路部门快速组织旅客乘降,因此对于车辆停靠的时间和站台的点位都有精准的测算。

“旅客强行扒门会严重影响列车正常运行。高铁列车更加智能化,一般门禁系统感知到有异物会自动打开,三次遇到这种情况,门就不会自动关闭,需要人工介入,因此导致的延误时间就会更长。”孙章说。

按照列车运行安排,晚点列车需转移到侧线待命,避让准点列车,因此晚点的时间会不断累积,尽管在合肥站晚点的是5分钟,但最终这趟车的晚点时间不止5分钟。

“我国主要干线的高铁列车开行十分密集,一趟车的晚点会影响后续列车,一趟趟列车压下去,后续列车都会受到不同程度的影响。”一位铁路工作人员告诉记者。

目前,上海三大火车站开行旅客列车485对,超过900趟列车;到了春运等高峰期间,三大站每天开行的列车会突破1000趟以上。以最繁忙的上海虹桥站为例,高峰期每日运营时间内,平均1.4分钟就会有一趟列车驶离或到达。

如此看,这晚点的5分钟,若是在上海虹桥站,可以开出近4趟列车。

晚点牵一发而动全身

1月11日,陕西宝鸡南站又发生一起“堵高铁车门”事件,事发列车从兰州开往上海,停靠宝鸡南站时,一女子突然拦在车厢门口,想阻拦列车发车。

该旅客并不知道,她所乘坐的列车如果晚点,影响是牵一发而动全身的。

孙章介绍,我国铁路线路已成网络化运行,以上海至西安为例,列车从上海开出后,通过京沪线到达徐州后,再转向徐兰高铁,如果列车在京沪线上晚点,势必影响到徐兰高铁,受此牵连的列车进一步增多。

同时,列车运行出现突发情况,铁路运行图需要及时调整,尽管目前已启用计算机自动调图的功能,但遇到突发情况往往还是需要人工干预,这会大大增加工作人员的调控压力。

比如,在每天客流吞吐近40万人次的上海虹桥站,行车室和综控室负责控制着全站400多趟列车、400余块电子显示屏和220多台进出站闸机运行,而每天这里的工作人员人数有限。

在雨雪、台风等恶劣天气造成列车晚点时,调度人员要在密如“蛛网”的运行图中,迅速调整列车运行,尽快恢复列车秩序,工作压力巨大。

天灾难以避免,个别旅客就不要再制造“人祸”吧!

执法困境客观存在

近期,一男子打了一辆出租车上高速,可是司机表示,无法在火车发车前赶到火车站,于是男子打电话向南京铁路公安处请求:“能不能麻烦你们给火车通知一下,稍微等我一下,我20分钟就到……”

铁路公安的工作人员接到这样的电话感到啼笑皆非,事实上,比起强行拦车,打电话算是“文明”的。不过,旅客的违法行为如何规制,怎样的处罚合理,在实际操作中有现实的困难。

记者采访了解到,中国铁路进入高铁时代后,旅客乘车的智能化、自助化成为现实,铁路工作人员更多的充当秩序维护者、设备保障者。对于旅客而言,铁路工作人员是服务员,没有执法权,遇到强行拦车的旅客,铁路工作人员能够采取的制约手段十分有限。

拥有执法权的是铁路公安部门,但由于列车开行量大,难以做到每个检票口均配备公安人员。

针对“合肥铁路公安对旅客罗某处以2000元罚款”是否过轻的追问,一些受访的业内人士表示,列车晚点会造成多大的直接和间接经济损失,其实难以核算。

对于服务和执法当中的困境,受访的铁路部门工作人员十分无奈。一些专家认为,要维护铁路的正常运行,不仅需要加强管理,更多的还是需要旅客提高法制意识,文明乘车。

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