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山西农民当股东 探索农村集体产权制度改革新范式

2018-01-12 16:50:22   中国新闻网

(新时代新气象新作为)山西农民当股东 探索农村集体产权制度改革新范式

中新社长治1月12日电 题:山西农民当股东 探索农村集体产权制度改革新范式

作者 李庭耀

38岁的牛云霞是山西省长治市潞城市小天贡村的村民,丈夫在外打工,她留下来操持家里的7亩地。2017年,她把4亩地流转给村里的股份经济合作社。牛云霞告诉记者,“1亩地一年能从合作社领到700元(人民币,下同),我还能腾出时间去村里的养老院做饭,一个月能多挣1500元。”

中国农村集体产权制度改革是针对农村集体资产产权归属不清晰、权责不明确、保护不严格等问题而推行的。2015年5月,经中共中央全面深化改革领导小组、中国国务院同意,29个县(市、区)开展了农民股份合作赋予农民对集体资产股份权能改革试点,潞城市就是其中之一。

12日,潞城市农村合作经济经营管理中心主任张李春告诉记者,通过三年的改革,潞城市已于2017年底完成全市的农村集体产权制度改革任务,打造出以“资产核查清,成员界定简单,股权设置不单一”为特色的“潞城样本”。

张李春介绍,对村集体各类资产全面清产核资,摸清集体家底,才能有效利用各种资产。村民们成为村集体的股东,对参与集体土地经营管理的积极性也更高,以前没人过问的荒地也被利用起来。对于没有能力种地的村民,还可以把土地流转给合作社。

张李春告诉记者,如果成员界定因素太多,在实际中反而操作不便。潞城市以户籍关系、农村土地承包关系、对集体资产积累的贡献等因素来确定农村集体经济组织成员身份。股权设置是计算方法的问题,不存在政策界限,容易操作,可以用股权设置不单一的方式公平合理地把村集体资产量化到全体成员。

在成员股设置上,潞城市以原始老户股、土地基本股作为保障股,以村龄股、劳龄股作为贡献股,同时因村而异设置计生奖励股、扶贫股等兼顾公平。再根据各村村情进行测算,提出合理的股份占比。

截至目前,潞城市204个村农村集体产权制度改革开展率达到100%;203个村完成了成员资格界定;200个村完成了清产核资工作;195个村进行了折股量化,编制了集体资产股权台账。2017年,潞城市68个集体经济零收入村中有42个村集体经济破“零”。

“潞城市在改革中形成的成员界定简单、股权设置不单一的方式在实际中可行性较高。农村集体产权制度改革可以产生长期效应,激发经济活力,理顺农村集体产权制度,增加农民财产性收入,加强农村的管理,今后的农村一定会有很大的变化。”张李春说,潞城市已向山西省其他地市介绍、推广其在农村集体产权制度改革中获得的经验。

目前,山西省有13个农村集体产权制度改革试点,正在推进农村集体经营性资产股份合作制改革,建立集体经济新的实现形式和运行机制。(完)

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