新闻 > 社会
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/10000169/20170925/31511514_4.html
Server: cms-9-53
Date: 2024/12/27 01:47:03

Powered by China
China

黄河变清调查:绿色巨变藏风险 小水小沙隐患重

2017-09-25 11:27:36   瞭望

从山西保德县城出发,顺沿黄公路开行40公里,沿河两岸共32个沙场。冯家川乡冯家川村聚集着4家沙场,沙场工人冯在连说:“黄河沙是天然水洗沙,是最好的建筑沙。沙场一天可挖沙20多卡车,一车能装30吨沙。”本刊记者顺绥德县沿黄公路前行30公里,在绥德一侧看到31个沙场,对岸的山西柳林县还有27个。在山西兴县、吉县、河津等河段,也存在相同量级的沙场。同行的黄河勘测规划设计公司专家估测,每年沙场约挖走1亿吨泥沙。

黄河山西省保德县段河边的采沙场

初步估算,以上减沙因素大致每年减少入黄泥沙7.6亿多吨。至于近期气候变化对入黄泥沙增减的影响,争议巨大,没有明晰的成果。

本刊记者采访中发现,随着黄土高原产沙区大量农民外出打工或迁居城镇,导致大量坡耕地撂荒或弃种,从而引发植被自然恢复;但这一因素在测算生态建设产生的拦沙效用时,未被充分考虑。陕西绥德桥沟是一个完全自然修复的小流域,已实现“零耕种”。

20年前,20毫米每小时的降雨就会产沙,如今70毫米每小时以下的降雨都不产沙。山西兴县瓦台乡前北会村有2000多亩耕地,现在只种600多亩。山西保德县冯家川乡冯家川村有5000亩耕地,耕种的不到1000亩,一些梯田也撂荒了。

 未来黄河还会来多少沙?

黄河天然年均来沙量为15.92亿吨,用1919年至2015年实测数据计算,有水文记录以来黄河实际年均来沙11.58亿吨。近年来,相关部门对今后黄河来沙趋势开展了大量研究,但结论差别巨大。

“十二五”国家科技支撑项目——“黄河水沙调控技术研究与应用”课题组对2007年至2014年黄河水沙状况研究后认为,黄河中上游主要下垫面因素年均实际减沙15.6亿~17.3亿吨,其中林草梯田等因素年均减沙12.54亿~14.11亿吨,水库淤地坝及灌溉引水增量拦沙3.2亿吨。

课题组对1956年以来黄河主要产沙区年均雨量和雨强研究后发现,研究时段均值基本相当,甚至偏丰,不仅没有减沙,大部分时间还有增沙作用。课题组测算,在多年平均降雨条件下,未来黄河潼关站来沙约在4.5亿~5亿吨。

“黄河水沙变化研究”课题组主要研究时段为2000年至2012年,认为降雨对泥沙减少贡献率为20%,生态、水利工程对泥沙减少贡献率为80%,减沙量为年均11.06亿吨。

上一页4/16下一页
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/10000169/20170925/31511514_4.html
Server: cms-9-53
Date: 2024/12/27 01:47:03

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/10000169/20170925/31511514_4.html
Server: cms-9-53
Date: 2024/12/27 01:47:03

Powered by China
China

相关阅读

404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/10000169/20170925/31511514_4.html
Server: cms-9-53
Date: 2024/12/27 01:47:03

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/10000169/20170925/31511514_4.html
Server: cms-9-53
Date: 2024/12/27 01:47:03

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/10000169/20170925/31511514_4.html
Server: cms-9-53
Date: 2024/12/27 01:47:03

Powered by China
China
分享到:
0 0
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/10000169/20170925/31511514_4.html
Server: cms-9-53
Date: 2024/12/27 01:47:03

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/10000169/20170925/31511514_4.html
Server: cms-9-53
Date: 2024/12/27 01:47:03

Powered by China
China

美图推荐

404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/10000169/20170925/31511514_4.html
Server: cms-9-53
Date: 2024/12/27 01:47:03

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/10000169/20170925/31511514_4.html
Server: cms-9-53
Date: 2024/12/27 01:47:03

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/10000169/20170925/31511514_4.html
Server: cms-9-53
Date: 2024/12/27 01:47:03

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/10000169/20170925/31511514_4.html
Server: cms-9-53
Date: 2024/12/27 01:47:03

Powered by China
China

为您推荐

加载更多>>
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/10000169/20170925/31511514_4.html
Server: cms-9-53
Date: 2024/12/27 01:47:03

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/10000169/20170925/31511514_4.html
Server: cms-9-53
Date: 2024/12/27 01:47:03

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/news/10000169/20170925/31511514_4.html
Server: cms-9-53
Date: 2024/12/27 01:47:03

Powered by China
China