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专家解读“手术签字”法规:签委托授权书有悖法理伦理

2017-09-08 10:32:55   中国青年网

所以,1999年开始施行的《中华人民共和国执业医师法》将签字制度进行了修改,其第二十六条规定:“医师应当如实向患者或者其家属介绍病情,但应注意避免对患者产生不利后果。”这一规定废除了“双签字”制度,如果患者本人意识清楚,应当征得患者本人意见;如果患者本人意识不清,可以征得患者家属意见。当然,在实践过程中,一些医务人员容易简单理解为患者或家属有一个人签字就可以了。

2002年,国务院颁布《医疗事故处理条例》,其第十一条进一步明确:“在医疗活动中,医疗机构及其医务人员应当将患者的病情、医疗措施、医疗风险等如实告知患者,及时解答其咨询;但是,应当避免对患者产生不利后果。”显然,在一般情况下,医务人员知情同意的告知对象是患者,而非家属。

2010年开始实施的侵权责任法第五十五条规定:医务人员在诊疗活动中应当向患者说明病情和医疗措施。需要实施手术、特殊检查、特殊治疗的,医务人员应当及时向患者说明医疗风险、替代医疗方案等情况,并取得其书面同意;不宜向患者说明的,应当向患者的近亲属说明,并取得其书面同意。医务人员未尽到前款义务,造成患者损害的,医疗机构应当承担赔偿责任。第五十六条规定:因抢救生命垂危的患者等紧急情况,不能取得患者或者其近亲属意见的,经医疗机构负责人或者授权的负责人批准,可以立即实施相应的医疗措施。

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