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互联网“同行”恶意竞争频发 或将面临法律“紧箍咒”

2017-08-28 07:45:50   中国青年网

 重修边界

正在修订的反不正当竞争法拟首次增设互联网不正当竞争条款

北京市海淀区法院的法官指出,互联网不正当竞争案件在法律适用过程中也存在难点。

表现之一是在反不正当竞争法类型化条款的适用上存在难点:一是仿冒、虚假宣传、商业诋毁等类型化条款的适用边界模糊——例如,经营者在宣传活动中非法使用他人商业标识,该认定为虚假宣传,还是仿冒;经营者将他人商品的劣势与自己商品的优势进行不实比较,该认定为虚假宣传还是商业诋毁等。二是不同类型化条款的构成要件存在交叉重叠情况。三是安全软件的提示与商业诋毁之间的边界如何把握,经营者产品发布的警告性声明,属于正当权益范围内的行为,还是对其他经营者构成商业诋毁,存在模糊之处,典型案例如搜狗公司起诉奇虎公司关于360安全卫士发布搜狗浏览器存在安全漏洞等文章、视频引发商业诋毁纠纷。

由于现行的反不正当竞争法没有关于互联网竞争的规定,有的互联网企业甚至质疑反不正当竞争法是否适用于互联网领域。北京大学竞争法研究中心主任肖江平此前在接受媒体采访时表示,近10年来,至少有400多个互联网领域不正当竞争案件因为没有分则条款,法官的自由裁量幅度过大,学界对此颇多争议。

一些法学学者表示,经过20多年的发展,市场经济的成熟程度大幅提高,市场竞争程度和竞争状况都发生了广泛、深刻的变化,现行反不正当竞争法存在法律空白点多、条款缺失、行政执法分散、执法标准不统一、法律责任制度不完善、处罚力度过弱等问题,已明显不适应经济发展需要。

可喜的是,当下,反不正当竞争法正进入施行近24年来的首次修订进程中。

据了解,反不正当竞争法修订草案首次增设互联网不正当竞争条款,互联网领域出现的不正当竞争行为如利用网络技术影响用户选择、干扰其他经营者正常经营活动等行为将被纳入规制范围。

在乔新生看来,草案新增的互联网不正当竞争条款,在可操作性方面还需要进一步完善,另外还要考虑与广告法、消费者权益保护法如何衔接的问题,他认为,这是全国人大常委会在接下来修订该法过程中需要考虑的问题。

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