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上半年石化行业主要指标抢眼 风险不可不防

2017-08-24 03:21:10   中国经济网

数据显示,整体看,主要石化产品同比价格涨幅均较大,个别产品环比波动较大。与去年同期比,前5个月,国内石油和天然气价格总水平上涨54.2%,炼油业上涨26.8%,化工产品上涨9.9%。从3月份开始,国内化工产品价格出现持续回落,3、4、5月价格同比增幅分别为11.5%、9.2%和7.7%。其中,合成橡胶、合成纤维单体、有机化学原料等市场价格波动相对比较剧烈。市场监测显示,与2月最高均价相比,6月丁苯橡胶和顺丁橡胶均价分别下挫51.4%和56.1%,腰斩过半;己内酰胺最低均价下挫35.6%,纯苯下跌25.9%,甲醇跌幅21.0%。

“在收入、利润和出口出现增长的同时,主要石油和化学品价格则呈现冲高回落走势,价格剧烈波动,带来的影响不可忽视。”傅向升表示,主要石化产品价格大起大落,不仅牵动上下游领域,更将影响整个行业的市场预期。

记者在采访中了解到,石化产品价格的大幅波动已经成为很多企业担心的问题。有企业直言,行业整体低迷时没有遇到的问题,反而在行业向好时出现,这更需要引起注意,行业上下应尽快提高预警及应对风险的能力。

结构调整仍需发力

“下半年,宏观面和产业面形势的变化将继续影响石化行业经济运行,可以说积极与不利因素交织,市场与机遇并存。预计全年行业运行将好于去年,经济总量将创历史新高。”傅向升说。

中国石化联合会的数据也显示,预计全年行业主营业务收入将达14.75万亿元,同比增长12%;其中,化学工业主营收入将达10.13万亿元,增长11%。全年石油和化工行业利润总额约为7500亿元,同比增长17%;其中,化学工业利润总额5500亿元左右,增幅9%。预计全年石油和化工行业出口总额约1860亿美元,同比增长9%。

主要指标有望继续向好的同时,行业内依然存在着结构性产能过剩、产品结构亟待调整及投资不足、化工原料进口压力加大等问题。

中国石化联合会的报告显示,上半年,石油和化工行业固定资产投资在经历短暂增长后再次下降。其中,石油和天然气开采业受近期油价低迷影响,投资大幅波动,增速急剧减缓,由年初的95%下滑至目前的6.4%,且一度出现下降。化学工业投资持续疲软,短期内尚无明显改善迹象。从区域投资看,东北地区降幅较大,达17.0%,增速最高的中部地区,也只有2.5%。多位业内人士表示,投资持续下降的形势不容乐观,可能造成行业发展后继乏力。

同时,包括合成材料和有机化学原料在内的大宗石化产品进口大增,给国内市场带来巨大压力,加剧了市场波动和风险。据海关数据,1月份至6月份,我国合成材料进口总量2418.6万吨,同比增长13.6%;净进口1911.7万吨,增幅达15.2%。进口有机化学原料3076.0万吨,同比增长6.3%,净进口2356.7万吨,增幅4.8%。其中,合成树脂进口量增长7.9%,合成橡胶增幅达到76.7%;乙二醇和丙烯进口量分别增长19.8%和13.5%。

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