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专家:器官冻存都未成功 所谓人体冻存更近遗体保存

2017-08-15 09:34:11   中国青年网

刘静解释说,对于体积稍大一些的组织或器官,冻存仍有较大困难。原因在于体积较大,冷却液很难快速均匀地导入到组织或器官内部,在降温或升温时,器官内部和外部产生温度差,从而不一致收缩,产生应力,可能造成撕裂性创伤;同时,细胞或细胞间又容易形成冰晶、冰核;在复苏时,冰核的存在又极易引起重结晶,刺破细胞,造成不可逆的损伤;在双重破坏下,组织或者器官的保存极其困难。

公立三甲医院徐州医科大学附属医院的一位在美国顶尖移植中心工作多年,并参与器官保存的医生也告诉澎湃新闻,目前对人体器官的长期保存还不过关,更不要说人体了!他认为,以目前的技术水平,人体放在液氮里再复活几乎不可能。

小动物冻存与复苏实验经常以失败告终

刘静认为,真正科学、严谨的研究方法是,先从离体器官、小动物、大动物的冻存和复苏研究起来,积累实验数据,积累冻存和复苏经验,解析冻存机理,发现适合生物体的冻存液。

十多年前,刘静带领的研究组开始在蚂蚁和小动物身上尝试冻存与复苏。他坦言,实验经常以失败告终:裸鼠在冻存过程中死亡,蚂蚁复苏后没能存活。

改变出现在研究人员把冷冻剂颗粒饲喂给蚂蚁,然后再实施冻存,有少量蚂蚁得以复苏存活。

他带领的研究团队尝试用纳米材料充当生物体抵御低温损伤的“护盾”。他也将低温冷冻技术与高温技术相结合,开发成肿瘤微创治疗设备,已应用于临床。

刘静表示,银丰生物工程集团等机构的这一操作,是一次勇敢的尝试,有其积极意义的。如果由此开展深入细致的人体组织冻存损伤性评估,获得宝贵的试验资料,无疑是非常有价值的。但损伤性评估可能会遭到患者家属的反对。

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