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中国首例人体低温保存在济南完成:把希望留在未来

2017-08-14 13:44:33   人民政协报

和阿伦·德雷克一起上阵的,是山东大学齐鲁医院心外科医生、麻醉专家以及体外循环灌注师。他们从展文莲的颈部和股部建立双通路体外循环,在特制的低温手术台上,将其体温降低到18左右。

然后,透明的、乳白色的防冻剂,缓缓注入展文莲体内。降温仍在进行,防冻剂变得越来越浓稠。它会成为固体,但它不会结冰。这个过程,叫做“玻璃化”。

灌流最终完成,已是近6个小时之后。接着,展文莲的身体被转移到大尺度程序降温床上。阿伦德雷克对这张床赞赏有加,美国阿尔科没有这样的设备。

这是世界上唯一一台可以连续将整个人体从常温降到-190左右的自动控制设备。它使用液氮蒸气进行快速降温,配置了多个温度传感器,可以实时监测数十个位置的温度变化。

整套流程下来,耗时55小时。

阿伦·德雷克对手术效果很满意。“你看,这有一条完美的降温曲线。”他拿出手机,显得很兴奋,“曲线下降得很平滑,意味着我们的灌流效果很好,病人体内没有或者只有少量的冰晶。”

2

对银丰研究院来说,展文莲也是他们真正冷冻的第一具人体。

银丰研究院由银丰生物工程集团有限公司(以下简称银丰生物)于2015年出资成立。它提供的介绍里写道,这是一家基因工程、干细胞技术开发,人体细胞、组织及器官低温保存与复苏,细胞治疗及再生医学转化的专业研究机构。

同年,银丰研究院发起设立了山东省银丰生命科学公益基金会,旨在推动生命科学的发展。它资助4项研究计划:生命延续研究计划、组织器官银行计划、(干)细胞医学转化研究计划和基因工程计划。

基金会负责人贾森并不愿意让人觉得,银丰研究院“只是”一家人体冷冻公司。毕竟,人体冷冻像是狂想。在美国,它被质疑是在兜售不可能兑现的承诺。

至于复活,还是一个太遥远的话题。

在实验室,哪怕是像小鼠、兔子这样的动物,目前还没有完整的低温冷冻再复活的案例。中科院理化技术研究所研究员刘静曾在接受科技日报记者采访时表示,现在能成功实施低温保存的只有相对简单的生物学对象,连人体器官的低温冻存都非常困难,遑论人体。

冷冻人体,在贾森看来是低温生物学发展的终极目标,这是顺理成章的事情。细胞能冻,下一步就是组织器官,再下一步,就是人体。贾森强调,“人体冷冻”只是一种通俗化表达,更为科学的表述,应该是“人体低温保存”。

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