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高速上它抱着护栏睡懒觉,交警赶到后都表示很无奈

2017-06-08 21:08:24   今日头条

作为贫齿总目的一员,树懒常和食蚁兽、犰狳联系在一起。有两种树懒:两趾和三趾。要想在动物园里找准一只树懒就像寻找“瓦尔多在哪”插图游戏一样。首先,在白天它们喜欢藏在树叶里。当然,树懒不是很活跃的——尽管新的研究表明我们可能夸大了它们的懒惰。


野生树懒比我们想象中活跃的多,每天只睡约9小时。   

一份1983年的研究发现,被捕获的树懒一天睡16小时,因此它们成为动物王国里的重度嗜睡者。然而,一份2008年发布的不同的研究结果,显示了被捕获的树懒和野生树懒的有趣差别。根据这份由德国马普鸟类研究所给出的2008年研究报告的数据,野生树懒睡得比它们被捕获的亲戚少得多,每天只小睡九或十小时。这可能和食物的获得以及厌倦感有关,因为被捕获的树懒的食物是由人类提供的。

因为大量时间花费在睡觉上,树懒通过比大部分动物更慢地分解食物来保存能量。人类的身体大概一天能完全消化一顿饭,而树懒的消化系统需要花费一个月的时间。除此之外树懒还降低体内的温度,它们的新陈代谢速率要比同等大小的哺乳动物慢百分之四十到四十五。这意味着树懒的身体需要更少的能量来工作,便于它在食用稀少食物的情况下成长。

尽管树懒行动缓慢,但不管在身体内部和外部,树懒都能保持高效运作。例如,树懒只有同等大小其他动物一半的肌肉力量,但从实用的观点来看这并不会妨碍它们。当然,把一只树懒放在地上,仅凭后腿力量来行走确实不容易,但那是因为它在树上不需要很多下肢的力量。而且,树懒的肌肉集中于上半身和前肢。在地上,树懒可以用它的前肢来拖拽身体前进,在树上,树懒则能轻易地连续几小时悬挂在树枝上。

甚至在树叶稀少的时候,树懒也不需要为了食物担心。因为它们的皮毛有淡淡的绿色,能帮助它们躲过捕食者,这种伪装不是色素;而是藻类。因为树懒生活在自然潮湿的地区,藻类有时候会在树懒的皮毛中形成。树懒可以舔自己的皮毛,从这个藻类装饰品里获取额外的营养。

当您把所有这些元素放在一起,就会发现树懒就像经典电影《谋杀绿脚趾》中“纨绔子弟”的形象。纨绔子弟根据自己的节奏行动,不会匆匆忙忙——但他为自娱所做的一切都尽在自己的掌控中。

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