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8000多天的生命延续 这位亚洲最牛"换心人"有何奥秘

2017-05-26 16:16:01   新华网

“做了就要活,还得长期好好活”

当年于文峰心脏移植的主刀医生,已经91岁的哈尔滨医科大学附属第二医院心外科教授夏求明还担任着于文峰的“保健医”,长期跟踪研究术后的用药和保健方法。

谈起一路走来的艰辛,夏求明说,当时国内多例心脏移植手术接连失败,心脏移植的医学实践陷入僵局。在毫无经验可借鉴的情况下,我带领百余人的医疗团队,成功地为扩张型心肌病患者杨玉民进行了心脏移植手术,打开了我国心脏移植发展的大门。

杨玉民在创造了亚洲心脏移植术后存活18年的记录后,将“接力棒”传给了于文峰。于文锋的经历为器官移植描绘了一个比较全面的标准。器官移植后不仅要有较长的生存年限,而且要像正常人一样生活,能参加工作,有良好心态。

为什么于文峰能够刷新换心人生存的亚洲纪录?夏求明说,除了要注重供体心脏的健康程度和受体的身体状态。更是多学科协作、治疗中跟进新技术、不断攻关破解免疫排异反应等科技难题的结果。

早在20世纪80年代后期,哈医大二院就开始进行心脏移植动物实验研究。经过总结多次失败的教训发现,影响移植生存率的最大问题是免疫排异反应。在实验同时,夏求明利用出国机会,遍寻心脏移植方面的文献,基本上把当时能找到的百余篇文献纳入“囊中”。

“那时我们全院动员,各个相关学科的专家们都憋着一股劲,要缩短与国外差距。医疗资源相差甚远,但我们的医疗水平要向国际看齐。”夏求明说。

由于没有可参考经验,于文峰的治疗方案是摸着石头过河。因此,对于文峰的治疗,也是科技工作者不断探索最新诊疗技术的过程。

据了解,全球注册记录的心脏移植患者中,虽然1年的平均存活率为90%,但是远期存活率改善并不明显,生存率仍以每年约4%的速度递减。

于文峰的长期存活,不仅意味着我国在器官移植领域取得的进步,也鼓舞了同样接受心脏移植患者生存的信心。围绕着于文峰的救治和护理,哈医大二院的医务工作者攻克了众多医学课题,并为心脏移植和肺、肝、脾、肾等大脏器移植积累了宝贵的临床经验。

“我们希望,等待器官移植的患者能变成下一个于文峰”

哈医大二院心外科一病房副主任谢宝栋介绍,包括人工心脏、转基因技术、克隆技术,都不能完全替代心脏移植,它仍然是治疗终末期心脏病的有效手段。目前,心脏移植已在全球广泛应用,最长存活案例33年。

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