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日本批准世界首个iPS细胞治脊髓损伤临床试验

2019-02-18 21:08:00    新华网

新华社东京2月18日电 日本厚生劳动省专家组18日批准世界上第一个利用诱导多能干细胞(iPS细胞)治疗脊髓损伤的临床试验。如果一切顺利,试验有望在年内展开。

综合多家日本媒体报道,由日本庆应义塾大学提出的这一试验,将很快获得日本厚生劳动大臣的正式批准。按计划,该校冈野荣之教授领导的研究小组今秋起将招募4名18岁以上、脊髓损伤2至4周的志愿者,具体做法是将iPS细胞培养得到的神经干细胞注入患者体内,以修复受损脊髓。

脊髓是人体中枢神经系统的重要组成部分,脊髓受损后,神经系统无法正常工作,患者通常会因此瘫痪,仅日本就有超过10万名脊髓受损者。修复受损脊髓一直是医学界难题,iPS细胞疗法一旦成功,将为运动或交通事故中脊髓受损伤的患者带来新希望。

iPS细胞是通过对成熟体细胞“重新编程”培育出的干细胞,拥有与胚胎干细胞相似的分化潜力,但获得方法相对简单,同时避开了胚胎干细胞研究中的伦理问题,因此在临床治疗中被认为具有巨大应用价值。

日本迄今已批准多项涉及iPS细胞的疾病治疗临床试验。比如,日本京都大学去年11月曾宣布,已向一名帕金森病患者脑部移植了由iPS细胞培养的神经祖细胞,患者恢复情况良好,但手术效果和安全性还需长期观察。

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